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Legal forms of gambling in the U.S. state of California include cardrooms, Indian casinos, the California State Lottery, parimutuel wagering on horse racing, and charitable gaming. Commercial casino-style gaming is prohibited.

Cardrooms

Licensed cardrooms may offer approved card games in which players vie against each other (rather than against the house), such as poker.^[1] As of 2019, there were 66 cardrooms operating in the state (and another 21 licensed but not operating).^[2] Since 1995, there has been a moratorium on new cardrooms.^[3]^[4] The industry generated $850 million in revenue after payouts in 2018.^[3]

Non-banked card games such as poker have always been legal in the state.^[5] The California Penal Code, enacted in 1872, prohibited several casino games by name, as well as all house-banked games, but did not outlaw poker.^[6] Cardrooms also operate non-banked versions of card games such as pai gow poker and baccarat, where players can take turns playing the dealer hand against the other players.^[7] However, in these cardrooms, an independent operator known in state law as a "third party provider of proposition services" usually acts as the "house" and the casino earns revenue on a fee charged to the proposition service provider and fees charged to players to play a hand.^[8]^[9]^[10] Statewide cardroom regulations were enacted in 1984.^[11] In 1997, the Gambling Control Act was adopted, which created the California Gambling Control Commission to regulate California cardrooms.^[11]

Charitable gaming

Eligible nonprofit organizations may operate bingo games,^[12] raffles,^[13] and poker nights.^[14] Organizations are limited to one poker night per year.^[14]

State voters in 1976 approved a constitutional amendment allowing counties and cities to legalize charitable bingo.^[15]^[16] An amendment to allow charitable raffles passed in 2000, and enabling legislation went into effect in 2001.^[17]^[18] Legislation allowing poker night fundraisers took effect in 2007.^[19]^[20]

Parimutuel wagering

Parimutuel wagering on horse racing is permitted at racetracks and satellite wagering facilities, and online through advance-deposit wagering providers.^[21]^[22] Extended racing meets are held throughout the year at five tracks: Cal Expo, Del Mar, Golden Gate Fields, Los Alamitos, and Santa Anita.^[23] Four other fairgrounds tracks hold brief meets in the summer and early fall.^[23] There are 27 satellite wagering facilities throughout the state, most of them found at county fairgrounds, cardrooms, and tribal casinos.^[24] Racing and wagering is regulated by the California Horse Racing Board.^[25] As of 2018, the annual amount wagered on California races was $3.2 billion, with $662 million retained after payouts.^[26]

Horse race wagering was legalized by voter referendum in 1933.^[27] Satellite wagering was first legalized at fairgrounds in 1985,^[28] and was expanded to private facilities in 2008.^[29] Advance-deposit wagering became legal in 2002.^[30]

Indian gaming

Federally recognized tribes can operate casinos under the federal Indian Gaming Regulatory Act. As of 2019, there were 63 casinos operated by 61 different tribes.^[31] The industry generates approximately $8 billion in annual revenue after payouts.^[3] Pursuant to tribal-state compacts negotiated with the state, tribes with larger casinos share a portion of their revenues with non-gaming or limited gaming tribes (those with fewer than 350 slot machines).^[32]

Lottery

The California State Lottery offers scratchcards and draw games, including the multi-state Powerball and Mega Millions games.^[33]

The Lottery was approved by voter referendum in 1984 and sold its first tickets in 1985.^[34]

References

^ Charlene Wear Simmons (May 2006). Gambling in the Golden State 1998 Forward (PDF) (Report). California State Library. p. 107. Retrieved 2016-07-21.
^ "Active Gambling Establishments in California". California Gambling Control Commission. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Overview of Gambling in California" (PDF). Legislative Analyst's Office. February 2019. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
^ SB 654: Local moratorium: Gambling tables (PDF) (Report). Assembly Committee on Governmental Organization. June 21, 2017. p. 2. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ Analysis of AB 317 (Report). Office of Senate Floor Analyses. 1999. Retrieved 2016-07-28.
^ Tibbetts v. Van de Kamp, 222 Cal. App. 3d 392, 393-94 (1990).
^ Cal. Penal Code Sec. 330.11; Bell Gardens v. City of Los Angeles, 231 Cal. App .3d 1563, 1568 (1991); California Gambling Law Resources
^ Lopez, Frank (2019-04-01). "'Proposition players' keep local card games steady". The Business Journal. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
^ "Third-Party Providers of Proposition Players Registration". State of California - Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General. 2012-03-21. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
^ "Advantage Play in California Card Rooms". www.888casino.com. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
^ ^a ^b "Bureau of Gambling Control". Office of the Attorney General. 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
^ Charlie LeDuff (November 25, 2002). "California bingo hall plays on world stage". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
^ "Raffles". Office of the Attorney General. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
^ ^a ^b "Nonprofit Organization Gambling Fundraiser Registration Program". Office of the Attorney General. 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
^ Joseph R. Grodin; Michael B. Salerno; Darien Shanske (2015). The California State Constitution. Oxford University Press. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-0-19-998864-8.
^ "Opinion No. 96-1011" (PDF). Office of the Attorney General of California. December 31, 1998. p. 2.
^ Michael Gardner (July 17, 2000). "Raffles leave lawmakers in quandary". San Diego Union-Tribune – via NewsBank.
^ Andy Bruno; Steve Chae (May 29, 2001). "New law on raffles effective soon". San Jose Mercury News – via NewsBank.
^ Gina Faridniya (August 25, 2006). "State may OK casino nights Bill to let charities hold games sent to governor". Ventura County Star – via NewsBank.
^ Vic Pollard (January 1, 2007). "State's new laws go into effect". The Bakersfield Californian – via NewsBank.
^ "Horse Racing and California Fairs" (PDF). California Authority of Racing Fairs. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
^ "Advance Deposit Wagering". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ ^a ^b "2019 Racing Schedule". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ "Simulcast Facilities". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ "CHRB Mission Statement". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2016-07-23.
^ 48th Annual Report of the California Horse Racing Board (PDF) (Report). California Horse Racing Board. 2018. p. 45. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ Hank Wesch (July 29, 1987). "Track survived hard times to flourish". San Diego Union-Tribune – via NewsBank.
^ Jeff Meyers (October 2, 1991). "Horse latitude: Ventura Fairgrounds provides alternative to track betting". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ Jack Shinar (December 15, 2010). "California sports bar to open mini-satellite". The Blood-Horse. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ Don Thompson (August 26, 2002). "Remote wagering slow but steady in California". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ "Ratified Tribal-State Gaming Compacts (New and Amended)". California Gambling Control Commission. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ David Olson (April 27, 2015). "Tribal casinos: From poverty to payday". The Press-Enterprise. Riverside, CA. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^ "Play Overview". California State Lottery. Retrieved 2016-07-21.
^ Robert Crabbe (September 28, 1986). "California lottery meets with success, ambivalence". UPI. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[1] Charlene Wear Simmons (May 2006). Gambling in the Golden State 1998 Forward (PDF) (Report). California State Library. p. 107. Retrieved 2016-07-21.

[2] "Active Gambling Establishments in California". California Gambling Control Commission. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[lao2019-3] "Overview of Gambling in California" (PDF). Legislative Analyst's Office. February 2019. Retrieved 2019-02-28.

[4] SB 654: Local moratorium: Gambling tables (PDF) (Report). Assembly Committee on Governmental Organization. June 21, 2017. p. 2. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[5] Analysis of AB 317 (Report). Office of Senate Floor Analyses. 1999. Retrieved 2016-07-28.

[6] Tibbetts v. Van de Kamp, 222 Cal. App. 3d 392, 393-94 (1990).

[7] Cal. Penal Code Sec. 330.11; Bell Gardens v. City of Los Angeles, 231 Cal. App .3d 1563, 1568 (1991); California Gambling Law Resources

[8] Lopez, Frank (2019-04-01). "'Proposition players' keep local card games steady". The Business Journal. Retrieved 2022-07-28.

[9] "Third-Party Providers of Proposition Players Registration". State of California - Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General. 2012-03-21. Retrieved 2022-07-28.

[10] "Advantage Play in California Card Rooms". www.888casino.com. Retrieved 2022-07-28.

[bgc-11] "Bureau of Gambling Control". Office of the Attorney General. 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2016-07-29.

[12] Charlie LeDuff (November 25, 2002). "California bingo hall plays on world stage". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2016-07-20.

[13] "Raffles". Office of the Attorney General. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 2016-07-20.

[oag-14] "Nonprofit Organization Gambling Fundraiser Registration Program". Office of the Attorney General. 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2016-07-20.

[15] Joseph R. Grodin; Michael B. Salerno; Darien Shanske (2015). The California State Constitution. Oxford University Press. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-0-19-998864-8.

[16] "Opinion No. 96-1011" (PDF). Office of the Attorney General of California. December 31, 1998. p. 2.

[17] Michael Gardner (July 17, 2000). "Raffles leave lawmakers in quandary". San Diego Union-Tribune – via NewsBank.

[18] Andy Bruno; Steve Chae (May 29, 2001). "New law on raffles effective soon". San Jose Mercury News – via NewsBank.

[19] Gina Faridniya (August 25, 2006). "State may OK casino nights Bill to let charities hold games sent to governor". Ventura County Star – via NewsBank.

[20] Vic Pollard (January 1, 2007). "State's new laws go into effect". The Bakersfield Californian – via NewsBank.

[21] "Horse Racing and California Fairs" (PDF). California Authority of Racing Fairs. Retrieved 2016-07-20.

[22] "Advance Deposit Wagering". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[2019schedule-23] "2019 Racing Schedule". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[24] "Simulcast Facilities". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[25] "CHRB Mission Statement". California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2016-07-23.

[26] 48th Annual Report of the California Horse Racing Board (PDF) (Report). California Horse Racing Board. 2018. p. 45. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[27] Hank Wesch (July 29, 1987). "Track survived hard times to flourish". San Diego Union-Tribune – via NewsBank.

[28] Jeff Meyers (October 2, 1991). "Horse latitude: Ventura Fairgrounds provides alternative to track betting". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[29] Jack Shinar (December 15, 2010). "California sports bar to open mini-satellite". The Blood-Horse. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[30] Don Thompson (August 26, 2002). "Remote wagering slow but steady in California". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[31] "Ratified Tribal-State Gaming Compacts (New and Amended)". California Gambling Control Commission. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[32] David Olson (April 27, 2015). "Tribal casinos: From poverty to payday". The Press-Enterprise. Riverside, CA. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

[33] "Play Overview". California State Lottery. Retrieved 2016-07-21.

[34] Robert Crabbe (September 28, 1986). "California lottery meets with success, ambivalence". UPI. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

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PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Gambling in California

Cardrooms

Charitable gaming

Parimutuel wagering

Indian gaming

Lottery

See also

References

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