Eveite

Eveite
Eveite found in Sweden
General
CategoryArsenate minerals
Formula
(repeating unit)		Mn22+AsO4OH
IMA symbolEv[1]
Strunz classification8.BB.30
Crystal systemOrthorhombic
Crystal classDipyramidal (mmm)
H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m)
Space groupPnnm
Unit cella = 8.57(1), b = 8.77(1)
c = 6.27(1) [Å]; Z = 4
Identification
Formula mass265.80 g/mol
ColorApple green, pale yellow
Crystal habitTabular or sheaf-like
CleavageFair on {101}
Mohs scale hardness3+1⁄2 - 4
LusterVitreous
StreakWhite
DiaphaneitySemitransparent
Specific gravity3.76
Optical propertiesBiaxial
Refractive indexnα = 1.700(5), nβ = 1.715(5), nγ = 1.732(10)
Birefringenceβ = .032
PleochroismVisible: X = Z = green Y = Yellow
2V angleMeasured: 65°
Solubilitycompletely soluble in cold 1:1 HCl
References[2][3][4]

Eveite is a manganese arsenate mineral in the olivenite group. Its chemical formula is Mn2AsO4OH. It is found only in Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden and at the Sterling Mine in New Jersey, United States. It is a dimorph of sarkinite and is isostructural with adamite. The name, for the biblical "Eve", comes from its structural similarities to adamite and is also a reference to its apple-green color.[4] It can also be pale yellow. Eveite is an orthorhombic mineral, which means it has three crystallographic axes of unequal lengths which are at 90° to one another.

Eveite is anisotropic, which means that its physical and optical properties differ with respect to direction. It has high relief, which is the apparent topography exhibited by minerals in thin section as a consequence of refractive index. It is biaxial, so it has two optic axes and three indices of refraction n depending on the crystallographic direction. The refractive index is the ratio of the velocity of light in vacuum to that in the mineral. The difference between the highest and lowest indices of refraction is called the birefringence, so the birefringence of eveite is β = 0.032.

Eveite is significant because it was the first mineral to show Mn2+ atoms in five-fold coordination, which is otherwise undocumented in mineral structures. It is therefore an important addition to the olivenite group. Because it shows up in very small quantities and in only two locations, it has no commercial use. It is relatively low-density and is associated with high-hydrate and low-density arsenates in open cavities, which contributes to its rarity.

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References

  1. ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
  2. ^ Mindat.org
  3. ^ Webmineral data
  4. ^ a b Handbook of Mineralogy
  • Pabst, A. (1970) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 55, 319-320.
  • Moore, P. and Smyth, J. (1968) Crystal Chemistry of the Basic Manganese Arsenates: III. The Crystal Structure of Eveite. American Mineralogist, 53, 1841-1845.
  • Moore, P. (1968) Eveite, Mn22+AsO4OH, a new mineral from Långban. Arkiv För Mineralogi Och Geologi, 4.26, 473-476.

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