Estrilda

Estrilda

Black-crowned waxbill (Estrilda nonnula)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Estrildidae
Genus:	Estrilda Swainson, 1827
Type species
Loxia astrild Common waxbill Linnaeus, 1758

Estrilda is a genus of estrildid finch in the family Estrildidae.

Most of the genus is found in Africa with one species, the Arabian waxbill, ranging into Asia.

Some species are kept as pets and have been accidentally introduced to various parts of the world.

Taxonomy

The genus Estrilda was introduced in 1827 by the English naturalist William John Swainson with the common waxbill as the type species.^[1] The name of the genus is from astrild, the specific epithet of the common waxbill that was introduced by Carl Linnaeus in 1758.^[2]

Species

The genus contains 11 species:^[3]

Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
Black-crowned waxbill	Estrilda nonnula	Nigeria and Cameroon to southeast Sudan, west Kenya and northwest Tanzania
Black-headed waxbill	Estrilda atricapilla	Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda
Kandt's waxbill	Estrilda kandti	central Africa
Orange-cheeked waxbill	Estrilda melpoda	Angola, Benin, Bermuda, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Zambia
Anambra waxbill	Estrilda poliopareia	southern Nigeria
Fawn-breasted waxbill	Estrilda paludicola	Angola, Burundi, Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia
Common waxbill	Estrilda astrild	Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Nigeria, Namibia, Angola, South Africa, Botswana, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Malawi, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Mozambique, Cameroon
Black-lored waxbill	Estrilda nigriloris	Democratic Republic of the Congo
Black-rumped waxbill	Estrilda troglodytes	Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France (introduced by Guadeloupe), Gambia, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Portugal (introduced), Puerto Rico, Senegal, Sudan, Togo, Uganda
Crimson-rumped waxbill	Estrilda rhodopyga	Burundi, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, South Africa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda
Arabian waxbill	Estrilda rufibarba	Yemen and southwestern Saudi Arabia

The genus formerly contained other species with "waxbill" in their common name that are now placed in the genera Coccopygia, Brunhilda and Glaucestrilda.^[3]

References

^ Swainson, William John (1827). "On several groups and forms in ornithology, not hitherto defined". Zoological Journal. 3: 343–363 [349–350].
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ ^a ^b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Waxbills, parrotfinches, munias, whydahs, Olive Warbler, accentors, pipits". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 February 2023.

Genera of finches, sparrows and tanagers

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Suborder: Passeri
Infraorder: Passerida
Superfamily: Passeroidea

Passeroidea

Estrildidae

Amandavinae	Amadina Amandava Ortygospiza
Erythrurinae	Chloebia Erythrura
Estrildinae	Brunhilda Coccopygia Cryptospiza Delacourella Estrilda Glaucestrilda Mandingoa Nesocharis Nigrita Parmoptila
Lagonostictinae	Clytospiza Euschistospiza Granatina Hypargos Lagonosticta Pyrenestes Pytilia Spermophaga Uraeginthus
Lonchurinae	Euodice Lepidopygia Lonchura Mayrimunia Padda Spermestes
Poephilinae	Aidemosyne Bathilda Emblema Heteromunia Neochmia Oreostruthus Poephila Stagonopleura Stizoptera Taeniopygia

Passeridae

Ploceidae

Prunellidae

Prunella

Urocynchramidae

Urocynchramus

Viduidae

Anomalospiza
Vidua

Nine-primaried oscines

- See below ↓

Nine-primaried oscines

Fringillidae

Carduelinae	Acanthis Agraphospiza †Aidemedia †Akialoa Bucanetes Callacanthis Carduelis Carpodacus †Chloridops Chloris Chlorodrepanis Chrysocorythus †Ciridops Coccothraustes Crithagra Drepanis †Dysmorodrepanis Eophona Haemorhous Hemignathus Hesperiphona Himatione Leucosticte Linaria Linurgus Loxia Loxioides Loxops Magumma †Melamprosops Mycerobas Oreomystis †Orthiospiza Palmeria Paroreomyza Pinicola Procarduelis Pseudonestor †Psittirostra Pyrrhula Pyrrhoplectes †Rhodacanthis Rhodopechys Rhodospiza Rhynchostruthus Serinus Spinus Telespiza †Vangulifer †Viridonia †Xestospiza
Euphoniinae	Chlorophonia Euphonia
Fringillinae	Fringilla

Motacillidae

Peucedramidae

Peucedramus

Emberizoidea

- See below ↓

Emberizoidea

Calcariidae	Calcarius Plectrophenax Rhynchophanes
Calyptophilidae	Calyptophilus
Cardinalidae	Amaurospiza Cardinalis Caryothraustes Chlorothraupis Cyanocompsa Cyanoloxia Granatellus Habia Passerina Periporphyrus Pheucticus Piranga Spiza
Emberizidae	Emberiza
Icteridae	See below ↓
Icteriidae	Icteria
Mitrospingidae	Lamprospiza Mitrospingus Orthogonys
Nesospingidae	Nesospingus
Parulidae	Basileuterus Cardellina Catharopeza Geothlypis Helmitheros Leucopeza Leiothlypis Limnothlypis Mniotilta Myioborus Myiothlypis Oporornis Oreothlypis Parkesia Protonotaria Seiurus Setophaga Vermivora
Passerellidae	Aimophila Ammodramus Ammospiza Amphispiza Amphispizopsis Arremon Arremonops Artemisiospiza Atlapetes Calamospiza Centronyx Chlorospingus Chondestes Junco Melospiza Melozone Oreothraupis Oriturus Passerculus Passerella †Pedinorhis Peucaea Pezopetes Pipilo Pooecetes Rhynchospiza Spizella Spizelloides Torreornis Xenospiza Zonotrichia
Phaenicophilidae	Microligea Phaenicophilus Xenoligea
Rhodinocichlidae	Rhodinocichla
Spindalidae	Spindalis
Teretistridae	Teretistris
Thraupidae	See below ↓

Icteridae

incertae sedis	†Cremaster †Pandanaris †Pyelorhamphus
Agelaiinae	Agelaioides Agelaius Agelasticus Amblyramphus Anumara Chrysomus Curaeus Dives Euphagus Gnorimopsar Gymnomystax Hypopyrrhus Lampropsar Macroagelaius Molothrus Nesopsar Oreopsar Pseudoleistes Ptiloxena Quiscalus Xanthopsar
Amblycercinae	Amblycercus
Cassicinae	Cacicus Cassiculus Psarocolius
Dolichonychinae	Dolichonyx
Icterinae	Icterus
Sturnellinae	Leistes Sturnella
Xanthocephalinae	Xanthocephalus

Thraupidae

Catamblyrhynchinae	Catamblyrhynchus
Charitospizinae	Charitospiza Parkerthraustes
Coerebinae	Asemospiza Camarhynchus Certhidea Coereba Euneornis Geospiza Loxigilla Loxipasser Melanospiza Melopyrrha Phonipara Pinaroloxias Platyspiza Tiaris
Dacninae	Cyanerpes Dacnis Tersina
Diglossinae	Acanthidops Catamenia Conirostrum Diglossa Geospizopsis Haplospiza Idiopsar Melanodera Nesospiza Phrygilus Rowettia Sicalis Xenodacnis
Emberizoidinae	Coryphaspiza Emberizoides Embernagra
Hemithraupinae	Chrysothlypis Chlorophanes Hemithraupis Heterospingus Iridophanes
Nemosiinae	Compsothraupis Cyanicterus Nemosia Sericossypha
Orchesticinae	Orchesticus
Poospizinae	Castanozoster Cnemoscopus Cypsnagra Donacospiza Kleinothraupis Microspingus Nephelornis Piezorina Poospiza Poospizopsis Pseudospingus Sphenopsis Thlypopsis Urothraupis Xenospingus
Porphyrospizinae	Incaspiza Rhopospina
Saltatorinae	Saltator Saltatricula
Sporophilinae	Sporophila
Tachyphoninae	Conothraupis Coryphospingus Creurgops Eucometis Heliothraupis Lanio Loriotus Ramphocelus Rhodospingus Tachyphonus Trichothraupis Volatinia
Thraupinae	Anisognathus Bangsia Buthraupis Calochaetes Chalcothraupis Chlorochrysa Chlorornis Cissopis Cnemathraupis Diuca Dubusia Iridosornis Ixothraupis Lophospingus Neothraupis Paroaria Pipraeidea Poecilostreptus Pseudosaltator Rauenia Schistochlamys Sporathraupis Stephanophorus Stilpnia Tangara Tephrophilus Thraupis Wetmorethraupis

Taxon identifiers
Estrilda	Wikidata: Q478281 Wikispecies: Estrilda ADW: Estrilda BOLD: 119961 CoL: 633F5 EoL: 45511019 EURING: 20439 Fauna Europaea: 97448 Fauna Europaea (new): a6d8cb3d-0894-467d-91ab-f9e7ea0c5fb0 GBIF: 2493650 iNaturalist: 13763 IRMNG: 1013235 ITIS: 179609 NBN: NHMSYS0020929922 NCBI: 187426 Plazi: 544782CB-8FC9-E7BF-E350-A0875E65E091 ZooBank: 3A19F3C2-0C37-4F2E-8AE7-466E3A0A8D4E

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