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Dark Command
Dark Command
	1940 film poster
Directed by	Raoul Walsh
Written by	F. Hugh Herbert; Lionel Houser; Grover Jones; Jan Isbell Fortune (adaptation);
Based on	The Dark Command; 1938 novel; by W.R. Burnett
Produced by	Sol C. Siegel
Starring	Claire Trevor; John Wayne; Walter Pidgeon; Roy Rogers; Gabby Hayes;
Cinematography	Jack A. Marta
Edited by	William Morgan
Music by	Victor Young
Production; company	Republic Pictures
Distributed by	Republic Pictures
Release date	April 15, 1940 (United States);
Running time	94 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$750,000

Dark Command is a 1940 Crime western film starring Claire Trevor, John Wayne and Walter Pidgeon loosely based on Quantrill's Raiders during the American Civil War. Directed by Raoul Walsh from the novel by W. R. Burnett, Dark Command is the only film in which western icons John Wayne and Roy Rogers appear together, and was the only film Wayne and Raoul Walsh made together since Walsh discovered Wayne working as a prop mover, renamed him, and gave him his first leading role in the epic widescreen Western The Big Trail a decade before.

The film also features George "Gabby" Hayes as Wayne's character's sidekick.

The film was nominated for two Academy Awards for Best Original Score and Best Art Direction by John Victor Mackay.^[4]

Plot

Mary McCloud marries the seemingly peaceful Kansas schoolteacher William Cantrell, before finding out that he harbours a dark secret. He is actually an outlaw leader who attacks both sides in the Civil War for his own profit. After capturing a wagon loaded with Confederate uniforms, he decides to pass himself off as a Confederate officer. Her naive, idealistic brother Fletcher joins what he believes is a Rebel guerrilla force. Meanwhile, Cantrell's stern but loving mother refuses to accept any of her son's ill-gotten loot.

A former suitor of Mary's, Union supporter Bob Seton, is captured by Cantrell and scheduled for execution. After being rescued by a disillusioned Fletcher McCloud, Seton and Mary Cantrell race to the town of Lawrence (site of an actual infamous Quantrill-led massacre) to warn the residents of an impending attack by Cantrell's gang.

Cast

Claire Trevor as Mary McCloud
John Wayne as Bob Seton
Walter Pidgeon as William "Will" Cantrell
Roy Rogers as Fletcher "Fletch" McCloud
George "Gabby" Hayes as Andrew "Doc" Grunch
Porter Hall as Angus McCloud
Marjorie Main as Mrs. Cantrell, aka Mrs. Adams
Raymond Walburn as Judge Buckner
Joe Sawyer as Bushropp (guerrilla)
Helen MacKellar as Mrs. Hale
J. Farrell MacDonald as Dave (gunrunner)
Trevor Bardette as Mr. Hale

Production

W.R. Burnett's novel was published in 1938 and became a best seller.^[5] It was a rare historical novel from Burnett, who was better known for modern day crime stories.^[6] Film rights were purchased by Republic Pictures who announced the film in May 1939 as part of their slate for 1939–40.^[7]

Director Raoul Walsh had discovered John Wayne in 1929 when Wayne was a 23-year-old prop man named Marion "Duke" Morrison. Walsh was reading a biography of General "Mad Anthony" Wayne at the time and gave the prop boy the last name "Wayne" after casting him as the lead in The Big Trail (1930), a 70 mm Grandeur widescreen epic shot on location all across the West. Dark Command remains the only other film upon which both Walsh and Wayne collaborated during their lengthy careers.

The film was financed on a larger budget than Republic normally provided. It was a similar scale to a successful historical drama they had made the year before, Man of Conquest. Walter Pidgeon was borrowed from MGM.^[8] Filming started November 1939.^[3]

Dark Command was the second film John Wayne made with Claire Trevor after Stagecoach, the other being Allegheny Uprising (1939).

Roy Rogers was given a key support role in Dark Command, the only time John Wayne and Roy Rogers made a movie together.^[9]

Historical inaccuracies

The pistols used by some of the cast are Colt single action army, SAA guns, not made until 1873. The movie is set at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1860 when cap and ball pistols were used such as the Colt 1851 Navy. John Wayne carries a Colt Peacemaker not made until 1873.
The famous frontier towns of Newton and Dodge are repeatedly mentioned; However, neither town was founded until years after the Civil War.
Southern audiences were distanced from Cantrell's atrocities as Cantrill's force is portrayed as a false flag. Quantrill and his Raiders were in fact inducted into the Confederate Army before the Lawrence Massacre.

Release

Dark Command premiered in Lawrence, Kansas.^[10]

It received favourable reviews and box office, and encouraged Republic to continue to allocate more money for John Wayne films.^[11]

References

^ Landesman, Fred (July 11, 2007). The John Wayne Filmography. McFarland. ISBN 9780786432523.
^ "Notes for Dark Command (1940)". tcm.com. Retrieved November 10, 2007.
^ ^a ^b "Of Local Origin". New York Times. October 26, 1939. p. 31.
^ "NY Times: Dark Command". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. 2012. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
^ "THE BEST-SELLING BOOKS". New York Times. May 1, 1938. p. 109.
^ Smith, Cecil. (September 19, 1954). "Burnett Publishes 20th Novel, The Tale of an Irish Bravo: Tireless Author, Bel-Air Resident, Shuns Publicity". Los Angeles Times. p. D4.
^ "REPUBLIC TO MAKE 50 FEATURE FILMS: 'Seven Million Dollars,' 'The Dark Command' and 'Wagons Westward' Top List FOUR SERIALS SCHEDULED Other 1939–40 Pictures Will Be Based on Jack London and Mark Twain Tales". New York Times. April 6, 1939. p. 34.
^ Schallert, Edwin (November 18, 1939). "DRAMA: 'Boom Town' Looms for Gable and Tracy". Los Angeles Times. p. A7.
^ DOUGLAS W. CHURCHILL (November 27, 1939). "SCREEN NEWS HERE AND IN HOLLYWOOD". New York Times. p. 13.
^ Schallert, Edwin (April 3, 1940). "Astaire-Zorina Duo Bright New Dance Idea: Film Ingenue Grows Up O'Brien Budgets Raised Mexican Actress Tested Veterans to Team Again Premiere Due in Kansas". Los Angeles Times. p. 13.
^ Schallert, Edwin (June 4, 1940). "John Wayne Wins Star Role in 'Big Bonanza': New Series for O'Brien Switch in Spy Yarns R.K.O. Signs Blackmer Sanders to Play Sleuth Pangborn Air Spieler". Los Angeles Times. p. 13.