Cupedidae
Family of beetles
The Cupedidae are a small family of beetles , notable for the square pattern of "windows" on their elytra (hard forewings), which give the family their common name of reticulated beetles .[ 1]
The family consists of about 30 species in 9 genera, with a worldwide distribution. Many more extinct species are known, dating as far back as the Triassic .[ 1] The family Ommatidae is considered a subfamily of Cupedidae by some authors, but ommatids have been found to more closely related to Micromalthidae in genomic analysis studies.[ 2]
These beetles tend to be elongated with a parallel-sided body, ranging in length from 10 to 20 mm (0.39 to 0.79 in), with colors brownish, blackish, or gray. The larvae are wood-borers, typically living in fungus -infested wood, and sometimes found in wood construction.[ 1] The larvae eat the fungus-infested dead wood or tree roots while the adults are believed to subsist on pollen and plant sap.[ 3]
Males of Priacma serrata (western North America ) are notable for being strongly attracted to common household bleach . This suggests that compounds in bleach may resemble attractive compounds found by the beetle in nature.[ 1]
Taxonomy
Adinolepis Neboiss, 1984 – Australia
Ascioplaga Neboiss, 1984 – New Caledonia, Australia
Cupes Fabricius , 1801 – Europe, China, Paleogene ; North America, Recent
Distocupes Neboiss, 1984 – Australia
Paracupes Kolbe, 1898 – South America
Priacma LeConte , 1874 – Myanmar, Cretaceous; North America, Recent
Prolixocupes Neboiss, 1960 – North America, South America
Rhipsideigma Neboiss, 1984 – Madagascar, East Africa
Tenomerga Neboiss, 1984 – East and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, North America, South Africa
Fossil genera
After Kirejtshuk, Nel and Kirejtshuk (2016).[ 4]
†Anaglyphites Ponomarenko, 1964 – Karabastau Formation , Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic (Oxfordian /Kimmeridgian ), Shar-Teg , Mongolia, Late Jurassic (Tithonian ), Hengshan Formation , China, Dzun-Bain Formation , Mongolia, Zaza Formation , Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian )
†"Anaglyphites" pluricavus Soriano and Delclos, 2006 – La Pedrera de Rúbies Formation , Spain, Early Cretaceous (Barremian )
†Apriacma Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – Yixian Formation , China, Aptian
†Asimma Ponomarenko, 1966 – Madygen Formation , Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†Barbaticupes Jarzembowski et al. , 2017 – Burmese amber , Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian )
†Cainomerga Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – Menat Formation , France, Paleocene
†Cretomerga Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
†Cupopsis Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – New Jersey amber , Late Cretaceous (Turonian )
†Cupidium Ponomarenko, 1968 – Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian
†Ensicupes Hong, 1976 – Dalazi Formation , Guyang Formation , China, Aptian
†Furcicupes Tan and Ren, 2006 – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
†Gracilicupes Tan et al. , 2006 – Daohugou , China, Middle Jurassic (Callovian )
†Kirghizocupes Ponomarenko, 1966 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†Latocupes Ren and Tan, 2006 – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
†Mallecupes Jarzembowski et al. , 2017 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Menatops Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – Menat Formation, France, Paleocene
†Mesocupes Martynov, 1926 – Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Oxfordian, Las Hoyas , Spain, Barremian
†Miocupes Ponomarenko, 1973 – Cypris Formation, Czech Republic, Miocene
†"Platycupes" sogdianus Ponomarenko, 1966 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†"Priacma" sanzii Soriano and Delclos, 2006 – Las Hoyas, Spain, Barremian
†Priacmopsis Ponomarenko, 1966 – Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
†Pterocupes Ponomarenko, 1966 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†Taxopsis Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – Baltic amber , Eocene
Notocupes , traditionally considered a member of Ommatidae, has been suggested to be more closely related to Cupedidae via cladistic analysis.[ 5]
References
^ a b c d Evans, Arthur V.; Hogue, James N. (15 November 2006). "Family Groups: Reticulated Beetles Cupedidae " . Field Guide to Beetles of California . University of California Press. pp. 51–. ISBN 978-0-520-24657-7 .
^ McKenna, Duane D.; Shin, Seunggwan; Ahrens, Dirk; Balke, Michael; Beza-Beza, Cristian; Clarke, Dave J.; Donath, Alexander; Escalona, Hermes E.; Friedrich, Frank; Letsch, Harald; Liu, Shanlin (2019-12-03). "The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 116 (49): 24729–24737. Bibcode :2019PNAS..11624729M . doi :10.1073/pnas.1909655116 . ISSN 0027-8424 . PMC 6900523 . PMID 31740605 .
^ Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Wang, Bo; Zheng, Daran (2017-10-01). "A new spiny reticulated beetle (Coleoptera: Cupedidae) from Cretaceous Burmese amber" . Proceedings of the Geologists' Association . 128 (5): 798–802. Bibcode :2017PrGA..128..798J . doi :10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.07.003 . ISSN 0016-7878 .
^ Kirejtshuk, A. G.; Nel, A.; Kirejtshuk, P. A. (October 2016). "Taxonomy of the reticulate beetles of the subfamily Cupedinae (Coleoptera, Archostemata), with a review of the historical development" . Invertebrate Zoology (in Russian). 13 (1): 61–190. doi :10.15298/invertzool.13.2.01 . ISSN 1812-9250 .
^ Li, Yan-Da; Tihelka, Erik; Yamamoto, Shûhei; Newton, Alfred F.; Xia, Fang-Yuan; Liu, Ye; Huang, Di-Ying; Cai, Chen-Yang (2023-08-22). "Mesozoic Notocupes revealed as the sister group of Cupedidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata)" . Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution . 11 . doi :10.3389/fevo.2023.1015627 . ISSN 2296-701X .
External links