Creator code

The creator code is responsible for linking the file and the program that will launch when the file is double-clicked. This Mac OS window show four files of the same type code (MP3), but with four different creator codes: Audn (Audion), hook (iTunes), SCPL (SoundApp) and NSWa (Winamp).

A creator code is a mechanism introduced in the classic Mac OS to link a data file to the application program which created it. The similar type code held the file type, like "TEXT". Together, the type and creator indicated what application should be used to open a file, similar to (but richer than) the file extensions in other operating systems.

Creator codes are four-byte OSTypes. They allow applications to launch and open a file whenever any of their associated files is double-clicked. Creator codes could be any four-byte value, but were usually chosen so that their ASCII representation formed a word or acronym. For example, the creator code of the HyperCard application and its associated "stacks" is represented in ASCII as WILD, from the application's original name of WildCard. Occasionally they represented inside jokes. For instance, the Marathon computer game had a creator code of 26.2 (the approximate length, in miles, of a marathon) and Marathon 2: Durandal had a creator code of 52.4.

The binding are stored inside the resource fork of the application as BNDL and fref resources. These resources maintained the creator code as well as the association with each type code and icon. The OS collected this data from the files when they were copied between mediums, thereby building up the list of associations and icons as software was installed onto the machine. Periodically this "desktop database" would become corrupted, and had to be fixed by "rebuilding the desktop database."[1]

The key difference between extensions and Apple's system is that file type and file ownership bindings are kept distinct. This allows files to be written of the same type - TEXT say - by different applications. Although any application can open anyone else's TEXT file, by default, opening the file will open the original application that created it. With the extensions approach, this distinction is lost - all files with a .txt extension will be mapped to a single text editing application of the user's choosing. A more obvious advantage of this approach is allowing for double click launching of specialized editors for more complex but common file types, like .csv or .html. This can also represent a disadvantage as in the illustration above, where double clicking the four mp3 files would launch and play the files in four different music applications instead of queuing them in the user's preferred player application.

macOS retains creator codes, but supports extensions as well. However, beginning with Mac OS X Snow Leopard, creator codes are ignored by the operating system. Creator codes have been internally superseded by Apple's Uniform Type Identifier scheme, which manages application and file type identification as well as type codes, creator codes and file extensions.

To avoid conflicts, Apple maintained a database of creator codes in use. Developers could fill out an online form to register their codes.[2] Apple reserves codes containing all lower-case ASCII characters for its own use.

Creator codes are not readily accessible for users to manipulate, although they can be viewed and changed with certain software, most notably the macOS command line tools GetFileInfo and SetFile which are installed as part of the developer tools into /Developer/Tools.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Mac OS: Rebuilding Desktop File and icon recovery", Apple
  2. ^ Sydow, Dan Parks (2002). Mac OSX Programming. New Riders. ISBN 9780735711686.

Read other articles:

Eiji Akaso

Eiji AkasoNama asal赤楚 衛二Lahir1 Maret 1994 (umur 30)Prefektur Osaka[1]Nama lainMamoru Akaso (nama panggung sebelumnya)PekerjaanAktormodelTahun aktif2010–sekarangAgenTristone EntertainmentTinggi178 cm (5 ft 10 in)Situs webSitus web resmi Eiji Akaso (赤楚 衛二code: ja is deprecated , Akaso Eiji, lahir 1 March 1994, di Prefektur Aichi[2]) adalah aktor dan model Jepang, dikenal berperan Ryuga Banjou di Kamen Rider Build'Kamen Rider ...

 

Bambangan besar

Bambangan besar Botaurus stellaris Rekaman Status konservasiRisiko rendahIUCN22697346 TaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasAvesOrdoPelecaniformesFamiliArdeidaeGenusBotaurusSpesiesBotaurus stellaris Linnaeus, 1758 Tata namaSinonim taksonArdea stellaris Linnaeus, 1758Subspecies B. s. stellaris Linnaeus, 1758[1] B. s. capensis (Schlegel, 1863)[2] DistribusiRange of Botaurus stellaris:     breeding     year-round &#...

 

Pegunungan Kendeng

Pegunungan Kendeng adalah pegunungan kapur yang membentang di bagian utara Pulau Jawa. Pegunungan Kendeng mencakup dua provinsi yakni Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Di Jawa Tengah mencakup Kabupaten Semarang Timur, Kota Salatiga, Kabupaten Sragen Utara, Kabupaten Grobogan Selatan dan Kabupaten Blora Selatan. Sedangkan di Jawa Timur meliputi wilayah Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Kabupaten Madiun Utara, Kabupaten Nganjuk Utara, Kabupaten Jombang Utara, Kabupaten Lamongan Selatan, dan Kabupaten Mo...

Kentwood-In-The-Pines, California

Unincorporated community in California, United States This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Kentwood-In-The-Pines, California – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2021) 33°04′18″N 116°34′32″W / 33.07167°N 116.57556°W / 33.07167; -116.575...

 

Giuseppe Porrino

Giuseppe Porrino Giuseppe Porrino con la maglia della Casertana (1971) Nazionalità  Italia Altezza 180 cm Peso 77 kg Calcio Ruolo Portiere Termine carriera 1987 Carriera Squadre di club1 1969-1973 Casertana84 (-?)1973-1977 Verona26 (-?)1977-1978 Cremonese7 (-8)1978-1979 Campobasso5 (0)1979 Campobasso3 (-4)1979-1983 Casertana107 (-?)1983-1984 Siena33 (-?)1984-1986 Sorrento66 (-38)1986-1987 Juventus Stabia16 (-14) 1 I due numeri indicano le pr...

 

Robert and Mariam Hayes Stadium

Robert and Mariam Hayes StadiumThe HayesFormer namesTom and Lib Phillips Field (1988–2006)LocationUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteOwnerUNC CharlotteCapacity1,100 (seated)3,000 (standing room)Field sizeLeft field: 335 ftLeft Center Field: 370 ftCenter Field: 390 ftRight Center Field: 370 ftRight field: 335 ftSurfaceTurf Infield, Natural Grass OutfieldConstructionOpenedFebruary 25, 1984 (initial) March 30, 2007 (reopened)Construction cost$5.9 million($8.92 million in 2023 dollar...

Mutiara dibudidayakan air tawar

Sebuah kalung yang terbuat dari mutiara air tawar. Mutiara dibudidayakan air tawar adalah mutiara yang diambil dari kerang mutiara air tawar yang dibudidayakan oleh manusia. Mutiara tersebut diproduksi di Jepang dan Amerika Serikat dalam jumlah terbatas, namun nyaris giat diproduksi di Tiongkok.[1] Referensi ^ Cultured Freshwater Pearl Diarsipkan 2017-06-29 di Wayback Machine.. Pearl Grading Pearl-Guide.com. Diakses 6 Mei 2014.

 

Yayasan Nala

Yayasan NalaJenisYayasanDidirikan4 Maret 1987LokasiJl. Arif Rahman Hakim 150, Keputih, Sukolilo, SurabayaOrang pentingKetua Pembina : Laksamana Muhammad Ali, S.E., M.M., M.Tr.Opsla Ketua Pengurus = Laksda (Purn) B. Ken Tri Basuki, M.Si (Han), CHRMP Ketua Pengawas = Laksda (purn) Dr. Ir. Avando Bastari M.Phil. M.Tr.Opsla.IPM, ASEAN, EngWilayah layananIndonesiaFokusPendidikanSloganDignity, Professional, World ClassSitus resmiwww.yayasannala.or.id Yayasan Nala adalah yayasan swasta yang did...

 

Rain Over Me

Rain Over Mesingolo discograficoScreenshot tratto dal video del branoArtistaPitbull FeaturingMarc Anthony Pubblicazione19 luglio 2011 Durata3:51 Album di provenienzaPlanet Pit GenereHip houseEuropopDance EtichettaPolo Grounds, J, Mr. 305 ProduttoreRedOne, David Rush, Jimmy Joker FormatiDownload digitale CertificazioniDischi d'argento Regno Unito[1](vendite: 200 000+) Dischi d'oro Austria[2](vendite: 15 000+) Belgio[3](vendite: 15 ...

Kuppenheim

Cet article est une ébauche concernant une localité allemande. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Kuppenheim Armoiries Administration Pays Allemagne Land Bade-Wurtemberg District(Regierungsbezirk) Karlsruhe Arrondissement(Landkreis) Rastatt Nombre de quartiers(Ortsteile) 2 Bourgmestre(Bürgermeister) Karsten Mußler Code postal 76456 Code communal(Gemeindeschlüssel) 08 2 16 024 Indicatif téléph...

 

Camporelli

Light biscuit CamporelliGlazed Camporelli being preparedAlternative namesBiscotti CamporelliCourseDessertPlace of originItalyRegion or stateNovaraMain ingredientsFlour, Sugar, EggFood energy(per serving)28 kcal per biscuit kcal Camporelli[1] or biscotti Camporelli, is a light biscuit made with three ingredients--flour, sugar, and eggs--and then baked twice. They are characterized by their round, long shape, crispy edges, and golden color, as well as the lack of fat, such as butte...

 

Spirique de Persée

Des spiriques de Persée pour a = 1, b = 2, c = 0, 0.8, 1 En géométrie, une spirique de Persée, parfois plus communément appelée section spirique, est une courbe plane quadrique d'équation ( x 2 + y 2 ) 2 = d x 2 + e y 2 + f . {\displaystyle (x^{2}+y^{2})^{2}=dx^{2}+ey^{2}+f.\,} De façon équivalente, les spiriques de Persée peuvent être définies comme des courbes quartiques possédant un centre de symétrie. Les spiriques de Persée sont des ...

Energy policy

How a government or business deals with energy For the academic journal, see Energy Policy (journal). This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (June 2022) Example of energy policy decisions: The goal of the Southern Gas Corridor, which connects the giant Shah Deniz gas field in Azerbaijan to Europe, is to reduce Europe's dependency on Russia...

 

Ramonchamp

Peta infrastruktur dan tata guna lahan di Komune Ramonchamp   = Kawasan perkotaan   = Lahan subur   = Padang rumput   = Lahan pertanaman campuran   = Hutan   = Vegetasi perdu   = Lahan basah   = Anak sungai]] Ramonchamp merupakan sebuah komune di departemen Vosges yang terletak pada sebelah timur laut Prancis. Lihat pula Komune di departemen Vosges Referensi INSEE lbsKomune di departemen Vosges Les Ableuvenettes Ahéville Aingeville Ainvelle Allarmont A...

 

Frank Tønnesen

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori norvegesi è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Frank TønnesenNazionalità Norvegia Calcio RuoloDifensore CarrieraSquadre di club1 1993-1999 Start113 (0)2000 Vigør? (?)2001-2002 Mandalskameratene? (?)2003-2005 Flekkerøy? (?) Nazionale 1994-1995 Norvegia U-2114 (0) 1 I due numeri indicano le presenze e le reti segnate, per le so...

Reduviidae

Family of insects ReduviidaeTemporal range: Cenomanian–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Assassin bug (Rhynocoris iracundus) with bee prey Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Hemiptera Suborder: Heteroptera Infraorder: Cimicomorpha Family: ReduviidaeLatreille, 1807 Subfamilies Bactrodinae Centrocnemidinae Cetherinae Chryxinae Ectrichodiinae Elasmodeminae Emesinae Microtominae (=Hammacerinae) Harpactorinae Holoptilinae M...

 

Socialistes indépendants

L'étiquette socialiste indépendant est spécifique à un courant réformiste du socialisme français, en particulier sous la Troisième République, dans les années 1880-1940. Histoire des socialistes indépendants Origine Alexandre Millerand, principale figure des socialistes indépendants. Les socialistes indépendants sont, au départ, des socialistes qui ne souhaitent pas adhérer à l'un des partis politiques socialistes alors existants. Concrètement, il s'agit de certaines fédérat...

 

Carnidazole

Chemical compound CarnidazoleClinical dataTrade namesSpartrixOther namesR 25831AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug NamesRoutes ofadministrationOralATCvet codeQP51CA03 (WHO) Identifiers IUPAC name O-Methyl [2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl]carbamothioate CAS Number42116-76-7PubChem CID3032998ChemSpider2297829UNIIRH5KI819JGChEMBLChEMBL135000CompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID40194957 ECHA InfoCard100.050.585 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC8H12N4O3SMolar mass244.27 g·mol−13...

新妻秀規

日本の政治家新妻 秀規にいづま ひでき 生年月日 (1970-07-22) 1970年7月22日（54歳）出生地 埼玉県越谷市出身校 東京大学大学院工学系研究科前職 川崎重工業従業員所属政党 公明党配偶者 あり公式サイト 参議院議員 新妻ひでき 「ものづくり」でこの国を元気に！ 参議院議員選挙区 比例区当選回数 2回在任期間 2013年7月29日 - 現職テンプレートを表示 新妻 秀規（にいづま ...

 

Sanctum sanctorum

This article is about the Latin phrase. For the fictional building in the Marvel Universe, see Sanctum Sanctorum (Marvel Comics). For The Damned song, see Sanctum Sanctorum (song). For the Jewish use of the term, see Holy of Holies. Translation of the Hebrew term Qṓḏeš HaQŏḏāšîm (Holy of Holies) Sanctum sanctorum of Airavatesvara Temple, India The Latin phrase sanctum sanctorum is a translation of the Hebrew term קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים (Qṓḏeš HaQŏḏāšîm), l...