Cima Coppi

The Stelvio Pass, the highest road ever taken by the Giro.

The Cima Coppi (in literal English, Top of the Tiles) is the title given to the highest peak in the yearly running of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tour races.[1] The mountain that is given this title each year awards more mountains classification points to the first rider than any of the other categorized mountains in the race.[2]

History

The categorization was first introduced for the 1965 Giro d'Italia in honor of the late Fausto Coppi who won five editions of the Giro d'Italia and three mountain classification titles during his career.[3] It was first announced on 22 April 1965 by then race director Vincenzo Torriani that the highest peak would award two times as many mountains classification points.[4] Torriani thought of possibly awarding time bonuses to the first to summit the mountain; however, after many dissenting opinions, he opted to award more mountains classification points.[4]

The Cima Coppi changes from year to year, depending on the altitude profile of the Giro d'Italia, but the Cima Coppi par excellence is the Stelvio Pass, which at 2758m is the highest point ever reached by the Giro. The Stelvio has been used in the 1972, 1975, 1980, 1994, 2005, 2012, 2014, 2017 and 2020 editions. It was also scheduled in 1965, 1988, 2013, and 2024, but in each case the course was modified due to weather conditions, with various effects on the Cima Coppi designation.

List

Key
* Point was also used as the location of the stage finish
~ Climb was used for the first time in Giro d'Italia history
^ Point was a new highest elevation reached in all Giro editions up to then
List of highest points reached in the Giro d'Italia
Year Stage Climb Elevation[N 1] Mountain range Coordinates First cyclist to summit Ref
1965 20 Stelvio Pass 1,958 m (6,424 ft)[N 2] Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Graziano Battistini (ITA) [6]
1966 20 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Franco Bitossi (ITA)
1967 19 Tre Cime di Lavaredo 2,320 m (7,612 ft) Sexten Dolomites 46°37′07″N 12°18′20″E / 46.61861°N 12.30556°E / 46.61861; 12.30556 (Tre Cime di Lavaredo)  Felice Gimondi (ITA) [7]
1968 12 Tre Cime di Lavaredo 2,320 m (7,612 ft) Sexten Dolomites 46°37′07″N 12°18′20″E / 46.61861°N 12.30556°E / 46.61861; 12.30556 (Tre Cime di Lavaredo)  Eddy Merckx (BEL) [8]
1969 21 Passo Sella 2,337 m (7,667 ft) Dolomites 46°30′31″N 11°45′46″E / 46.50861°N 11.76278°E / 46.50861; 11.76278 (Passo Sella)  Claudio Michelotto (ITA) [9]
1970 20 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Luciano Armani (ITA) [10][11][12]
1971 17 Grossglockner 2,505 m (8,219 ft) High Tauern 47°04′29.52″N 12°41′42.9″E / 47.0748667°N 12.695250°E / 47.0748667; 12.695250 (Grossglockner)  Pierfranco Vianelli (ITA) [13][14]
1972 17 Stelvio Pass 2,757 m (9,045 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  José Manuel Fuente (ESP) [15]
1973 19 Passo Giau 2,246 m (7,369 ft) Dolomites 46°28′57″N 12°3′14″E / 46.48250°N 12.05389°E / 46.48250; 12.05389 (Passo Giau)  José Manuel Fuente (ESP) [16]
1974 20 Tre Cime di Lavaredo 2,400 m (7,874 ft) Sexten Dolomites 46°37′07″N 12°18′20″E / 46.61861°N 12.30556°E / 46.61861; 12.30556 (Tre Cime di Lavaredo)  José Manuel Fuente (ESP) [17]
1975 21 Stelvio Pass 2,757 m (9,045 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Francisco Galdós (ESP) [18]
1976 19 Passo Sella 2,214 m (7,264 ft) Dolomites 46°30′31″N 11°45′46″E / 46.50861°N 11.76278°E / 46.50861; 11.76278 (Passo Sella)  Andrés Gandarias (ESP) [19][20]
1977 18 Valparola Pass 2,200 m (7,218 ft) Dolomites 46°32′36″N 11°58′25″E / 46.5433°N 11.9736°E / 46.5433; 11.9736 (Valparola Pass)  Faustino Fernández Ovies (ITA)
1978 15 Passo Valles [it] 2,033 m (6,670 ft) Dolomites 46°20′18.96″N 11°48′2.52″E / 46.3386000°N 11.8007000°E / 46.3386000; 11.8007000 (Passo Valles)  Gianbattista Baronchelli (ITA) [21]
1979 17 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Leonardo Natale (ITA) [22]
1980 20 Stelvio Pass 2,757 m (9,045 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Jean-René Bernaudeau (FRA) [23]
1981 20 Tre Cime di Lavaredo 2,400 m (7,874 ft) Sexten Dolomites 46°37′07″N 12°18′20″E / 46.61861°N 12.30556°E / 46.61861; 12.30556 (Tre Cime di Lavaredo)  Beat Breu (SUI) [24]
1982 21 Col d'Izoard 2,361 m (7,746 ft) Cottian Alps 44°49′11″N 06°44′06″E / 44.81972°N 6.73500°E / 44.81972; 6.73500 (Col d'Izoard)  Lucien Van Impe (BEL) [25]
1983 20 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) [26]
1984 20 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Laurent Fignon (FRA)
1985 19 Passo del Sempione 2,010 m (6,594 ft) Pennine Alps/Lepontine Alps 46°15′6″N 8°2′0″E / 46.25167°N 8.03333°E / 46.25167; 8.03333 (Passo del Sempione)  Reynel Montoya (COL) [27]
1986 21 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Pedro Muñoz Machín Rodríguez (ESP) [28][29]
1987 16 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Jean-Claude Bagot (FRA) [30][31]
1988 20 Stelvio Pass 2,758 m (9,049 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass) —[N 3] [33]
1989 16 Passo di Gavia 2,621 m (8,599 ft) Southern Rhaetian Alps 46°20′37″N 10°29′15″E / 46.34361°N 10.48750°E / 46.34361; 10.48750 (Passo di Gavia) —[N 4] [35]
1990 16 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Maurizio Vandelli (ITA) [36]
 Charly Mottet (FRA)
1991 17 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Franco Vona (ITA) [37][38]
 Franco Chioccioli (ITA)
1992 14 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA)
1993 14 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Miguel Induráin (ESP)
1994 15 Stelvio Pass 2,758 m (9,049 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Franco Vona (ITA) [39]
1995 19 Colle dell'Agnello 2,744 m (9,003 ft) Cottian Alps 44°41′2″N 06°58′46″E / 44.68389°N 6.97944°E / 44.68389; 6.97944 (Colle dell'Agnello) —[N 5]
1996 21 Passo di Gavia 2,621 m (8,599 ft) Southern Rhaetian Alps 46°20′37″N 10°29′15″E / 46.34361°N 10.48750°E / 46.34361; 10.48750 (Passo di Gavia)  Hernán Buenahora (COL)
1997 19 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  José Jaime González (COL) [41]
1998 17 Passo Sella 2,214 m (7,264 ft) Dolomites 46°30′31″N 11°45′46″E / 46.50861°N 11.76278°E / 46.50861; 11.76278 (Passo Sella)  Marco Pantani (ITA) [42]
1999 21 Passo di Gavia 2,621 m (8,599 ft) Southern Rhaetian Alps 46°20′37″N 10°29′15″E / 46.34361°N 10.48750°E / 46.34361; 10.48750 (Passo di Gavia)  José Jaime González (COL)
2000 19 Colle dell'Agnello 2,748 m (9,016 ft) Cottian Alps 44°41′2″N 06°58′46″E / 44.68389°N 6.97944°E / 44.68389; 6.97944 (Colle dell'Agnello)  José Jaime González (COL) [43][44]
2001 18 Colle Fauniera 2,511 m (8,238 ft) Cottian Alps 44°23′9″N 7°7′18″E / 44.38583°N 7.12167°E / 44.38583; 7.12167 (Colle Fauniera) —[N 6] [45]
2002 16 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Julio Alberto Pérez Cuapio (MEX) [46]
2003 18 Colle d'Esischie [it] 2,366 m (7,762 ft) Cottian Alps 44°23′46.8″N 7°7′28.41″E / 44.396333°N 7.1245583°E / 44.396333; 7.1245583 (Colle d'Esischie)  Fredy González (COL) [47]
2004 18 Passo di Gavia 2,621 m (8,599 ft) Southern Rhaetian Alps 46°20′37″N 10°29′15″E / 46.34361°N 10.48750°E / 46.34361; 10.48750 (Passo di Gavia)  Vladimir Miholjević (CRO) [48]
2005 14 Stelvio Pass 2,758 m (9,049 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  José Rujano (VEN) [49]
2006 20 Passo di Gavia 2,621 m (8,599 ft) Southern Rhaetian Alps 46°20′37″N 10°29′15″E / 46.34361°N 10.48750°E / 46.34361; 10.48750 (Passo di Gavia)  Juan Manuel Gárate (ESP) [50]
2007 12 Colle dell'Agnello 2,748 m (9,016 ft) Cottian Alps 44°41′2″N 06°58′46″E / 44.68389°N 6.97944°E / 44.68389; 6.97944 (Colle dell'Agnello)  Yoann Le Boulanger (FRA) [51]
2008 20 Passo di Gavia 2,621 m (8,599 ft) Southern Rhaetian Alps 46°20′37″N 10°29′15″E / 46.34361°N 10.48750°E / 46.34361; 10.48750 (Passo di Gavia)  Julio Alberto Pérez Cuapio (MEX) [52][53]
2009 10 Sestriere[N 7] 2,039 m (6,690 ft) Cottian Alps 44°57′24.84″N 6°52′45.12″E / 44.9569000°N 6.8792000°E / 44.9569000; 6.8792000 (Sestriere)  Stefano Garzelli (ITA) [54]
2010 20 Passo di Gavia 2,621 m (8,599 ft) Southern Rhaetian Alps 46°20′37″N 10°29′15″E / 46.34361°N 10.48750°E / 46.34361; 10.48750 (Passo di Gavia)  Johann Tschopp (SUI) [55]
2011 15 Passo Giau 2,236 m (7,336 ft) Dolomites 46°28′57″N 12°3′14″E / 46.48250°N 12.05389°E / 46.48250; 12.05389 (Passo Giau)  Stefano Garzelli (ITA) [56]
2012 20 Stelvio Pass 2,758 m (9,049 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Thomas De Gendt (BEL) [57][58]
2013 20 Tre Cime di Lavaredo[N 8] 2,320 m (7,612 ft) Sexten Dolomites 46°37′07″N 12°18′20″E / 46.61861°N 12.30556°E / 46.61861; 12.30556 (Tre Cime di Lavaredo)  Vincenzo Nibali (ITA) [62]
2014 16 Stelvio Pass 2,758 m (9,049 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Dario Cataldo (ITA) [63]
2015 20 Colle delle Finestre 2,178 m (7,146 ft) Cottian Alps 45°04′18.49″N 7°03′12.48″E / 45.0718028°N 7.0534667°E / 45.0718028; 7.0534667 (Colle delle Finestre)  Mikel Landa (ESP)
2016 19 Colle dell'Agnello 2,748 m (9,016 ft) Cottian Alps 44°41′2″N 06°58′46″E / 44.68389°N 6.97944°E / 44.68389; 6.97944 (Colle dell'Agnello)  Michele Scarponi (ITA) [64]
2017 16 Stelvio Pass 2,758 m (9,049 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Mikel Landa (ESP)
2018 19 Colle delle Finestre 2,178 m (7,146 ft) Cottian Alps 45°04′18.49″N 7°03′12.48″E / 45.0718028°N 7.0534667°E / 45.0718028; 7.0534667 (Colle delle Finestre)  Chris Froome (GBR) [65]
2019 20 Passo Manghen[N 9] 2,047 m (6,716 ft) Lagorai 46°10′31″N 11°26′21″E / 46.17528°N 11.43917°E / 46.17528; 11.43917 (Passo Manghen)  Fausto Masnada (ITA)
2020 18 Stelvio Pass 2,758 m (9,049 ft) Eastern Alps 46°31′43″N 10°27′10″E / 46.52861°N 10.45278°E / 46.52861; 10.45278 (Stelvio Pass)  Rohan Dennis (AUS)
2021 16 Passo Giau[N 10] 2,236 m (7,336 ft) Dolomites 46°28′57″N 12°3′14″E / 46.48250°N 12.05389°E / 46.48250; 12.05389 (Passo Giau)  Egan Bernal (COL) [66]
2022 20 Pordoi Pass 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°29′04.92″N 11°50′09.96″E / 46.4847000°N 11.8361000°E / 46.4847000; 11.8361000 (Pordoi Pass)  Alessandro Covi (ITA)
2023 19 Tre Cime di Lavaredo[N 11] 2,304 m (7,559 ft) Sexten Dolomites 46°37′07″N 12°18′20″E / 46.61861°N 12.30556°E / 46.61861; 12.30556 (Tre Cime di Lavaredo)  Santiago Buitrago (COL) [citation needed]
2024 17 Passo Sella[N 12] 2,239 m (7,346 ft) Dolomites 46°30′31″N 11°45′46″E / 46.50861°N 11.76278°E / 46.50861; 11.76278 (Passo Sella)  Giulio Pellizzari (ITA)

Multiple winners

The following riders have won the Cima Coppi on 2 or more occasions.

Multiple winners of the Cima Coppi
Cyclist Total Years
 José Manuel Fuente (ESP) 3 1972, 1973, 1974
 José Jaime González (COL) 3 1997, 1999, 2000
 Franco Vona (ITA) 2 1991, 1994
 Stefano Garzelli (ITA) 2 2009, 2011
 Mikel Landa (ESP) 2 2015, 2017
 Julio Alberto Pérez Cuapio (MEX) 2 2002, 2008

Winners by nationality

Riders from eleven different countries have won the Cima Coppi.

Cima Coppi winners by nationality
Country No. of wins No. of winning cyclists
 Italy 22 20
 Spain 11 8
 Colombia 8 6
 France 5 5
 Belgium 3 3
  Switzerland 2 2
 Mexico 2 1
 Venezuela 1 1
 Australia 1 1
 Croatia 1 1
 United Kingdom 1 1

See also

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ The elevation points are taken at the passed summit.[5]
  2. ^ The scheduled climb of the Stelvio was to reach 2,757 m (9,045 ft), but due to an avalanche, the final 800 m (2,625 ft) of the climb were not scaled.
  3. ^ The Stelvio Pass was not climbed due to snow drifts that had developed on the roads.[32]
  4. ^ The stage containing the Gavia was cancelled as a whole due to poor weather and snow accumulation on the roads.[34]
  5. ^ The Colle dell'Agnello was not scaled due to an avalanche that made the roads impassable.[40]
  6. ^ The stage containing the Cima Coppi was cancelled due to protests.
  7. ^ The original Cima Coppi was to be the Col d'Izoard (2,360 m (7,743 ft)), but snow forced the re-routing of the stage. It was then supposed to be the Blockhaus (2,064 m (6,772 ft)), but due to excessive snow at the top of the climb, the stage was shortened and finished at a lower altitude than first planned.
  8. ^ Stelvio Pass (2,758 m (9,049 ft)) was scheduled to be the Cima Coppi but due to weather the stage was cancelled.[59][60] With cancellation of the Passo di Stelvio, the climb to Tre Cime di Lavaredo became the Cima Coppi.[61]
  9. ^ The Passo di Gavia (2,618 m (8,589 ft)) was scheduled to be the Cima Coppi, but due to weather the climb was removed from the itinerary. The next highest climb was that to Serrù Lake, however the climb had already been ascended prior to this point. As a result, organisers chose to assign the Cima Coppi to the highest climb out of those which had not been ascended – the Passo Manghen.
  10. ^ The Pordoi Pass (2,239 m (7,346 ft)) was scheduled to be the Cima Coppi but due to weather the stage was rerouted and the climb removed. Thus, the climb to Passo Giau became the Cima Coppi.
  11. ^ The Great St Bernard Pass (2,469 m (8,100 ft)) was scheduled to be the Cima Coppi but due to weather the stage was rerouted and the climb removed. Thus, the climb to Tre Cime di Lavaredo became the Cima Coppi.
  12. ^ The Stelvio Pass (2,758 m (9,049 ft)) was scheduled to be the Cima Coppi, but due to weather the climb was removed from the itinerary. The next highest climb was that to Livigno (Mottolino), however the climb had already been ascended prior to this point. As a result, organisers chose to assign the Cima Coppi to the highest climb out of those which had not been ascended – the Passo Sella.

Citations

  1. ^ Fotheringham 2009, p. 4-6.
  2. ^ Laura Weislo (13 May 2008). "Giro d'Italia classifications demystified". Cycling News. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  3. ^ McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol. "1965 Giro d'Italia". Bike Race Info. Dog Ear Publishing. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  4. ^ a b Gigi Boccacini (23 April 1965). "La tappa dello Stelvio decisiva per il Giro?" [The Stelvio Stage Decisive for the Tour?] (PDF). La Stampa (in Italian). p. 8. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  5. ^ Augendre 2019, pp. 181–199.
  6. ^ Attilio Camoriano (26 March 1965). "Questo il Giro d'Italia" [This is the Tour of Italy] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  7. ^ Gino Sala (29 March 1967). "Questa l'<<avventura rosa>> 1967" [This is the << pink adventure >> 1967] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  8. ^ Gino Sala (22 March 1968). "Questo il <<Giro>> del '68" [This is the <<Giro>> of '68] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  9. ^ "G.P. della Montagna". Corriere dello Sport (in Italian). 7 June 1969. p. 3. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
  10. ^ "La "Rosa" In Cifre" [The "Rose" In Figures]. Corriere dello Sport (in Italian). 8 June 1970. p. 12. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
  11. ^ "Merckx Rubrico Su Previsto Triunfo" [Merckx Rubric Your Intended Triumph] (in Spanish). El Mundo Deportivo. 8 June 1970. p. 30. Archived from the original on 31 July 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  12. ^ "Sono ventisei le montagne" [There are twenty-six mountains] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. 15 May 1970. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  13. ^ "G. P. Montagna" [G. P. Mountains]. Corriere dello Sport (in Italian). June 1971. p. 2. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
  14. ^ Gino Sala (25 February 1971). "Da Lecce a Milano Il Giro d'Italia 1971" [Da Lecce a Milano Il Giro d'Italia 1971] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  15. ^ Gino Sala (29 March 1972). "Questo Il <<Giro>> 1972" [This is the 1972 <<Giro>>] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  16. ^ Gino Sala (6 March 1971). "Così il Giro d'Italia 1973" [Thus the Giro d'Italia 1973] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  17. ^ "Le 23 montagne e l'altimetria" [The 23 mountains and altitude] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. 16 May 1974. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-03-13. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  18. ^ Gino Sala (11 April 1975). "Questo il <<Giro>> 1975" [This the Giro d'Italia 1975] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  19. ^ Diego Nart (20 May 2011). "Quel 9 giugno del 1976 Gimondi sul Gardeccia costruisce la sua rosa". Alto Adige. Elemedia S.p.A. Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
  20. ^ Gino Sala (14 April 1976). "È un <<Giro>> davvero terribile (e 12 giorni dopo c'e il Tour)" [It's a <<Giro>> really terrible (and 12 days later there's the Tour)] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 16. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  21. ^ Gino Sala (9 March 1978). "Ecco il <<Giro>>" [Here is the <<Giro>>] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
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Bibliography