Caryoteae

Caryoteae
Caryota gigas at the Huntington Library
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Coryphoideae
Tribe: Caryoteae
Scheff.
Type genus
Caryota
Genera

Arenga Labill.
Caryota L.
Wallichia Roxb.

Caryoteae is a tribe within the palm family Arecaceae,[1][2] distributed across Southeast Asia, from southern India and Sri Lanka east to Vanuatu and northernmost Queensland, Australia. It was historically classified under the subfamily Arecoideae due to its inflorescences, which resemble those of the tribe Iriarteeae, and its flowers arranged in triads (with two male flowers and one central female flower), a common trait in Arecoideae.[3] However, phylogenetic studies based on DNA repeatedly link Caryoteae to subfamily Coryphoideae. Caryoteae do have leaves with induplicate folds, a feature found in most Coryphoid palms, but unlike most Coryphoideae, the leaves are pinnate (Arenga, Wallichia) or bipinnate (Caryota).[4][5] Phoenix is the only other Coryphoid genus with induplicate, pinnate leaves.[5]

Genera

It contains three genera:

  • The bipinnate leaves of Caryota mitis
    The bipinnate leaves of Caryota mitis
  • Caryota flowers are arranged in triads
    Caryota flowers are arranged in triads
  • Caryota urens flowers at anthesis
    Caryota urens flowers at anthesis
  • The fruits of Caryota mitis
    The fruits of Caryota mitis
  • Fruits of Arenga engleri
    Fruits of Arenga engleri
  • Arenga leaves are pinnate
    Arenga leaves are pinnate
  • Leaves of Arenga undulatifolia - note the praemorse margins
    Leaves of Arenga undulatifolia - note the praemorse margins
  • Young specimen of Arenga engleri
    Young specimen of Arenga engleri
  • Wallichia disticha leaves are arranged in two ranks
    Wallichia disticha leaves are arranged in two ranks
  • The flowers of Wallichia oblongifolia
    The flowers of Wallichia oblongifolia

References

  1. ^ Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (2): 207–233. doi:10.1111/boj.12401.
  2. ^ Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2008). Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2.
  3. ^ Uhl, Natalie W.; Dransfield, John (1987). Genera Palmarum: a classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore Jr. Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.: The L. H. Bailey Hortorium and the International Palm Society. ISBN 9780935868302.
  4. ^ Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2005). "A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family, Arecaceae". Kew Bulletin. 60: 559–569 – via ResearchGate.
  5. ^ a b Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2014). Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of Palms. International Palm Society. ISBN 978-1842461822.