Cadmium phosphide

Cadmium phosphide
Names
Other names
Tricadmium diphosphide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.031.437 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 234-595-5
  • InChI=1S/3Cd. 2P/q3*+2;2*-3
    Key: BYWFNUBYQJKAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [Cd+2].[Cd+2].[Cd+2].[P-3].[P-3]
Properties
Cd3P2
Molar mass 399.178 g/mol
Appearance bluish white[1] or gray[2]
Density 5.96 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 700[1] °C (1,292 °F; 973 K)
Electron mobility 1500 cm2/Vs[1]
3.88[1]
Structure
Tetragonal
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation markGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Warning
H302, H312, H314, H332, H350, H370, H410
P201, P202, P210, P233, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P330, P362+P364, P391, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Cadmium phosphide (Cd3P2) is an inorganic chemical compound. It is a grey or white bluish solid semiconductor material with a bandgap of 0.5 eV.[1] It has applications as a pesticide, material for laser diodes and for high-power-high-frequency electronics.[1]

Synthesis and reactions

Cadmium phosphide can be prepared by the reaction of cadmium with phosphorus:

6 Cd + P4 → 2 Cd3P2

Structure

Cd3P2 has a room-temperature tetragonal form.

The crystalline structure of cadmium phosphide is very similar to that of zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), cadmium arsenide (Cd3As2) and zinc arsenide (Zn3As2). These compounds of the Zn-Cd-P-As quaternary system exhibit full continuous solid-solution.[3]

Applications

Over the last decade, interest in cadmium phosphide as a source for fast, near-IR emission has grown due to the development of cadmium phosphide quantum dots. Literature has demonstrated that these quantum dots possess tunable emission between 700 nm to 1500 nm.[4] [5] A recent paper investigated the effect of surface passivation on these quantum dots and showed that cadmium phosphide quantum dots may have an intrinsic band-edge relaxation time less than 100 ns.[6]

Safety

Like other metal phosphides, it is acutely toxic when swallowed due to the formation of phosphine gas when it reacts with gastric acid. It is also carcinogen and dangerous for the skin, eyes and other organs in a large part due to cadmium poisoning.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Cadmium Phosphide (Cd3P2) Semiconductors". azom.com. 2013-08-19. Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  2. ^ Ramsay, William (1891). A System of Inorganic Chemistry. J. & A. Churchill. p. 551.
  3. ^ Trukhan, V. M.; Izotov, A. D.; Shoukavaya, T. V. (2014). "Compounds and solid solutions of the Zn-Cd-P-As system in semiconductor electronics". Inorganic Materials. 50 (9): 868–873. doi:10.1134/S0020168514090143. S2CID 94409384.
  4. ^ Miao, S.; Hickey, S. G.; Rellinghaus, B.; Waurisch, C.; Eychmuller, A. (2010). "Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium Phosphide Quantum Dots Emitting in the Visible Red to Near-Infrared". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132 (16): 5613–5615. doi:10.1021/ja9105732. PMID 20361738.
  5. ^ Xie, R.; Zhang, J.; Yang, W.; Peng, X. (2010). "Synthesis of Monodisperse, Highly Emissive, and Size-Tunable Cd3P2 Nanocrystals". Chemistry of Materials. 22 (13): 3820–3822. doi:10.1021/cm1008653.
  6. ^ Smith, L.; Harbison, K. E.; Diroll, B. T.; Fedin, I. (2023). "Acceleration of Near-IR Emission through Efficient Surface Passivation in Cd3P2 Quantum Dots". Materials. 16 (19): 6346. doi:10.3390/ma16196346. PMC 10573561. PMID 37834483.

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