Bovista plumbea

Bovista plumbea

Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Agaricomycetes
Order:	Agaricales
Family:	Lycoperdaceae
Genus:	Bovista
Species:	B. plumbea
Binomial name
*Bovista plumbea* Pers. (1795)

Bovista plumbea Mycological characteristics
	Glebal hymenium
	No distinct cap
	Hymenium attachment is not applicable
	Lacks a stipe
	Spore print is brown
	Ecology is saprotrophic
	Edibility is edible or inedible

Bovista plumbea, commonly known as the tumbling puffball, tumbleball,^[1] or paltry puffball,^[2] is a small puffball mushroom commonly found in Western Europe and California,^[3] white when young and greyish in age. Easily confused with immature Bovista dermoxantha, it is attached to the substrate by a tuft of mycelium.

Description

The fruiting body of the sporocarp is 1.5–3.5 cm broad, attached to the substrate by a tuft of mycelium, and spherical to slightly compressed.^[4] The exoperidium is white, becoming buff to pale-tan and minutely tomentose, and sometimes areolate.^[5] It eventually flakes away, or peels off in sheets, the latter occurring at maturation in hot, dry conditions. In contrast, the endoperidium membranes are lead-grey, with or without adhering fragments of exoperidium. They often live in scattered to clustered in disturbed areas, especially in sparse grass. They are edible when young and white, but are often considered too small for eating.^[6]

Spores

Spores are 5.0–6.5 x 4.0–5.5 μm, ovoid, thick-walled, and nearly smooth, with a central oil droplet, and a 7.5–11.5 μm pedicel. The capillitium is composed of individual elements, rather than interwoven, main branches thick-walled, flexuous, rapidly tapering, forking more or less dichotomously, ochre-colored in KOH.

The spores are released via a small apical pore. The gleba is white, turning dingy yellowish, olive-brown, finally dark-brown and firm-textured. However, the subgleba and sterile base are usually absent. Fruiting occurs throughout the mushroom season.^[7]

Synonyms

Obsolete synonyms for B. plumbea include:

Bovista ovalispora Cooke & Massee 1887
Bovista plumbea Pers. 1796
Bovista plumbea var. ovalispora (Cooke & Massee) F. Šmarda 1958
Calvatia bovista (L.) Pers. 1896
Lycoperdon bovista Sowerby 1803
Lycoperdon plumbeum Vittad. 1842^[2]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bovista plumbea.

^ Arora, David (1986). Mushrooms demystified: a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi (Second ed.). Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 978-0-89815-169-5.
^ ^a ^b Bovista plumbea Archived March 29, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
^ Species: Bovista plumbea Pers. 1795 Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
^ Smith, A.H. (1951). Puffballs and Their Allies in Michigan. University of Michigan Press: Ann Arbor, MI. 131 p.
^ Kreisel, H. (1967). Taxonomisch-Pflanzengeographische Monographie Der Gattung Bovista. J. Cramer: Lehre. 244 p.
^ "California Fungi: Bovista plumbea". Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2008-12-01.
^ Calonge, F.D. (1998). Flora Mycologica Iberica. Vol. 3. Gasteromycetes, I. Lycoperdales, Nidulariales, Phallales, Sclerodermatales, Tulostomatales. J. Cramer: Berlin, Germany. 271 p.

Taxon identifiers
Bovista plumbea	Wikidata: Q948856 Wikispecies: Bovista plumbea BioLib: 60763 CoL: MRYC EoL: 1017366 EPPO: BOVIPL GBIF: 2535193 iNaturalist: 118132 IndexFungorum: 209632 IRMNG: 11436306 MycoBank: 209632 NatureServe: 2.921264 NBN: NHMSYS0001476219 NCBI: 90946 NZOR: 5dc77fee-f5b0-4ae8-957f-6aecc50f244c Observation.org: 16497 Open Tree of Life: 932607 SpeciesFungorum: 209632

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