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Belyov

Белёв
Belyov Белёв
Town
	Coat of arms
	Location of Belyov
	Belyov Location of Belyov Belyov Belyov (Tula Oblast)
	Coordinates: 53°48′45″N 36°08′00″E / 53.81250°N 36.13333°E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Tula Oblast
Administrative district	Belyovsky District
Town under district jurisdiction	Belyov
First mentioned	1147
Area
• Total	8.58 km2 (3.31 sq mi)
Elevation	165 m (541 ft)
Population (2010 Census)
• Total	13,918
• Density	1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Capital of	Belyovsky District, Belyov Town Under District Jurisdiction
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Belyovsky Municipal District
• Urban settlement	Belyov Urban Settlement
• Capital of	Belyovsky Municipal District, Belyov Urban Settlement
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK )
Postal code(s)	301530–301532
OKTMO ID	70606101001

Belyov (Russian: Белёв) is a town and the administrative center of Belyovsky District in Tula Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River. Population: 13,180 (2018); 13,918 (2010 Census).^[4]

History

As is the case with many other towns in the former Upper Oka Principalities, Belyov was first mentioned in a chronicle in 1147.^[3] After the disintegration of the Principality of Chernigov in the wake of the Mongol invasion of Rus', Belyov became a seat of a local princely dynasty in 1468.^[10] The princes of Belyov fluctuated between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Grand Duchy of Moscow, until they moved to the latter state.

During World War II, Belyov was occupied by the German Army in October, 1941, but was liberated by elements of 10th Army on December 31, during the Soviet counteroffensive phase of the Battle of Moscow.^[11]

Following an incident where a local Jewish families were accused of murdering a child to use his blood to bake matzah, there was a rise in anti-Jewish propaganda by Communist Party members. These allegations that Jews used the blood of Christians in rituals was embarrassing to the Communist Party when it came from Party Members, and a pogrom was narrowly averted in this instance. Some press sources from that time, most in Yiddish, condemned the inaction against the prominent community members and demanded adherence to Communist party policies on antisemitism.^[12]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Belyov serves as the administrative center of Belyovsky District.^[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Belyovsky District as Belyov Town Under District Jurisdiction.^[2] As a municipal division, Belyov Town Under District Jurisdiction is incorporated within Belyovsky Municipal District as Belyov Urban Settlement.^[6]

Architecture

The town contains one of the oldest churches in Tula Oblast.

Economy

Belyov is home to Transmash railroad equipment factory. It is also famous for pastila whose production started in 1888 and was revived in 2010s.^[13]

Notable people

References

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Law #954-ZTO
^ ^a ^b Law #954-ZTO defines a town under district jurisdiction as a town which is a part of one of the districts of the oblast. OKATO lists the town of Belyov as a part of Belyovsky District and separately from other administrative divisions of the district.
^ ^a ^b Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 41. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
^ ^a ^b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
^ Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 70 206 501», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 70 206 501, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Law #543-ZTO
^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК 033-2013 1 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код 70 606 101». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology. #OK 033-2013 January 1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code 70 606 101. ).
^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Byelev" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 895.
^ Soviet General Staff, The Battle of Moscow, ed. & trans. R.W. Harrison, Helion & Co., Ltd., Solihull, UK, 2017, Kindle ed., part V, ch. 5
^ Bemporad 2019, p. 49.
^ "Сладкое место: как производство пастилы из промысла превратилось в бизнес". January 25, 2016.

Sources

Тульская областная Дума. Закон №954-ЗТО от 27 декабря 2007 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тульской области», в ред. Закона №2131-ЗТО от 11 июня 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Тульской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тульской области" и Закон Тульской области "Об установлении границ административно-территориальных единиц – районов в городе Туле"». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вестник Тульской областной Думы", №11–12(142–143), часть 4, ноябрь–декабрь 2007 г.. (Tula Oblast Duma. Law #954-ZTO of December 27, 2007 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tula Oblast, as amended by the Law #2131-ZTO of June 11, 2014 On Amending the Law of Tula Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tula Oblast" and the Law of Tula Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Administrative-Territorial Units–the Districts in the City of Tula". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication date.).
Тульская областная Дума. Закон №543-ЗТО от 3 марта 2005 г. «О переименовании муниципального образования "Белёвский район" Тульской области, установлении границ, наделении статусом и определении административных центров муниципальных образований на территории Белёвского района Тульской области», в ред. Закона №1462-ЗТО от 22 июля 2010 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Тульской области "О переименовании муниципального образования "Белёвский район" Тульской области, установлении границ, наделении статусом и определении административных центров муниципальных образований на территории Белёвского района Тульской области"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тульские известия", №60–63, 17 марта 2005 г. (Tula Oblast Duma. Law #543-ZTO of March 3, 2005 On Renaming the Municipal Formation of "Belyovsky District" of Tula Oblast, on Establishing Borders, Granting the Status, and Establishing the Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Belyovsky District of Tula Oblast, as amended by the Law #1462-ZTO of July 22, 2010 On Amending the Law of Tula Oblast "On Renaming the Municipal Formation of "Belyovsky District" of Tula Oblast, on Establishing Borders, Granting the Status, and Establishing the Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Belyovsky District of Tula Oblast". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
Bemporad, Elissa (2019). Legacy of Blood: Jews, Pogroms and Ritual Murder in the Lands of the Soviets. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190466480.