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Bapatla

Bhavapattam, Bhavapattu, Bhavapattanam, Bhavapuri
Bapatla Bhavapattam, Bhavapattu, Bhavapattanam, Bhavapuri
District Headquarter; Municipal City
	Bapatla town at night
	Bapatla Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
	Coordinates: 15°54′16″N 80°28′3″E / 15.90444°N 80.46750°E
Country	India
State	Andhra Pradesh
District	Bapatla
Mandal	Bapatla
Named for	Bhavanarayana Swamy
Government
• Type	Municipal council
• Body	Bapatla Municipality
• MLA	Vegesana Narendra Varma
Area
• Total	17.92 km2 (6.92 sq mi)
Elevation	6 m (20 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	107,000
• Density	6,000/km2 (15,000/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Telugu
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	522 101
Vehicle registration	AP–07
Lok Sabha constituency	Bapatla (SC)
Assembly constituency	Bapatla
Website	bapatla.ap.gov.in, bapatla.cdma.ap.gov.in/en, manabapatla.info

Bapatla is a town and district headquarters of Bapatla district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the mandal headquarters of Bapatla mandal of Bapatla revenue division. The nearest towns and cities to Bapatla are Chirala, Ponnur, Tenali and Guntur of 17 km, 22 km, 50 km and 53 km respectively.^[6]^[2]

Etymology

The name Bapatla is derived from the presiding deity of the Bhavanarayana Temple, which is believed to date back to the Mauryan period. Historically, the town was known as Bhavapuri during the time of the Mauryan Empire, reflecting its connection to the temple and the deity worshipped there.^[7] The town has also been referred to as Bhavapattana,^[8] Bhavapattu^[9] and Bhavapatta.^[10] These names were derived from the temple, which was constructed in 1465 by a Chola king named Krimikantha Chola and later restored. Over time, these names evolved into the present name of Bapatla.^[11]

Geography

The coordinates of the town are 15°54′16″N 80°28′3″E / 15.90444°N 80.46750°E / 15.90444; 80.46750 and is located at an altitude of 8 mts from the coast of Bay of Bengal.^[3]

Climate

The town experiences tropical climate with the average annual temperatures records at 28.4 °C (83.1 °F). Hot summers and cool winters are observed due to its proximity to the coast of Bay of Bengal. It receives both South west monsoon and North-east monsoon as well.^[12] The precipitation is very high with an annual rainfall of about 854 millimetres (34 in) and the month of October receives a maximum rainfall of 197 millimetres (8 in).^[13] It is most affected by the cyclonic storms that occur on the east coast.^[14]

Climate data for Bapatla (1991–2020, extremes 1978–2012)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	35.0 (95.0)	35.4 (95.7)	39.3 (102.7)	43.6 (110.5)	47.4 (117.3)	47.0 (116.6)	40.8 (105.4)	41.0 (105.8)	38.7 (101.7)	36.0 (96.8)	34.9 (94.8)	33.2 (91.8)	47.4 (117.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	29.6 (85.3)	30.9 (87.6)	32.7 (90.9)	34.1 (93.4)	37.8 (100.0)	37.3 (99.1)	34.8 (94.6)	33.9 (93.0)	33.3 (91.9)	31.8 (89.2)	30.5 (86.9)	29.7 (85.5)	33.0 (91.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	17.6 (63.7)	19.2 (66.6)	22.2 (72.0)	25.8 (78.4)	27.6 (81.7)	27.0 (80.6)	25.8 (78.4)	25.3 (77.5)	25.2 (77.4)	23.9 (75.0)	21.3 (70.3)	18.3 (64.9)	23.2 (73.8)
Record low °C (°F)	11.6 (52.9)	11.8 (53.2)	14.8 (58.6)	19.6 (67.3)	16.1 (61.0)	21.7 (71.1)	21.3 (70.3)	20.4 (68.7)	18.4 (65.1)	17.9 (64.2)	12.4 (54.3)	13.6 (56.5)	11.6 (52.9)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	16.2 (0.64)	10.6 (0.42)	0.3 (0.01)	18.2 (0.72)	43.8 (1.72)	107.2 (4.22)	133.6 (5.26)	176.7 (6.96)	205.3 (8.08)	192.4 (7.57)	99.2 (3.91)	25.1 (0.99)	1,028.5 (40.49)
Average rainy days	0.6	0.6	0.1	0.7	2.0	6.0	8.2	9.4	8.5	8.3	3.8	1.2	49.4
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST)	66	66	68	70	62	57	61	66	73	77	75	68	67
Source: India Meteorological Department^[15]^[16]

Demographics

As of 2011^[update] Census of India, the town had a population of 100300 with 98,216 households. The total population constituted 54,385 males and 56,392 females —a sex ratio of 1058 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 940 per 1000.^[17] 6,182 children were in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 3,156 were boys and 3,026 were girls—a ratio of 959 per 1000. The average literacy rate stood at 80.67% with 52,106 literates, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%.^[2]^[18]

Governance

Bapatla district collectorate

The very first Bapatla district Collector is K.Vijaya krishnan IAS.

2022-

Civic administration

Bapatla Municipality was established in 1951. It oversees the civic needs of the town like, water supply, sewage, and garbage collection. It is a Grade–I municipality which has an extent of 17.92 km² (6.92 sq mi) with 34 wards.^[1]

Utility services

Kommamuru and Poondla channels of the Krishna Western Delta system provide irrigation water to Bapatla and the surrounding areas.^[19]

Politics

Bapatla, being a part of Bapatla mandal, falls under Bapatla assembly constituency of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Vegesana Narendra Varma Raju of Telugu Desam Party is the present MLA of the constituency.^[20] The assembly segment is in turn a part of Bapatla (SC) lok sabha constituency and the present MP is Tenneti Krishna Prasad of the Telugu Desam Party.^[21]^[22]

Key points

Bapatla district collectorate – smt K Vijaya Krishnan IAS.

Bapatla Sub-Division of police – A.Srinivas.

Member of Parliament – Krishna Prasad Tenneti

Member of the Legislative Assembly – Vegesana Narendra Varma

Economy

Aquaculture and agriculture are the main occupations of the coastal areas of the town. Aquaculture involves pisciculture and the farming is dominant with paddy cultivation.^[23]^[12] The Cairn India have conducted oil drilling onshore of Bapatla which is a part of KG basin stretch.^[24]

Tourism also plays a role in generating revenue with the presence of Suryalanka Beach near the town, operated by the Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation.^[25]

Cityscape

Bapatla is characterized by its rich history and unique architecture, prominently showcased in the Bhavanarayanaswami Temple and Centenary Baptist Zion Church.^[26] Bhavanarayanaswami temple exemplifies the Dravidian style of art and architecture, a distinctive feature of South Indian temples. The city's landscape is marked by a blend of ancient structures and modern development, reflecting the evolution of Bapatla over the centuries.^[27] The Clock Tower, built in 1948, was demolished for road extension and started to be rebuilt in December 2017.^[28]The Suryalanka Beach connected by the Beach Road of the town hosts the Bhavapuri Beach Festival every year.^[25]

Memorials

The Edward Coronation Memorial Town Hall was built in 1905 in coronation of the then Emperor of India, Edward VII.^[29]

On the road leading to the Suryalanka beach is a Town Hall in this coastal town. Constructed to commemorate the coronation of Edward VII, Emperor of India, the Town Hall which still retains its shape after 113 years, continues to hold the centre stage in the town and is a place of recreation. The Hall was constructed with public donations without any assistance from the government or local funds. The Edward Coronation Memorial Town Hall was inaugurated by Broodie, then Guntur district Collector on 17 July 1905. The Hall witnessed many historic moments including the first Andhra Conference in 1913 which paved the way for the creation of a movement for linguistic States. It hosted the First Andhra Provincial Conference in 1913 where a clarion call was given for a separate Telugu State. All important meetings of public nature were held in the compound and it had become a hub for all cultural, literary and political activities. Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Babu Rajendra Prasad, Jayaprakash Narayan, Dange and many other Andhra leaders visited it and addressed people. The Victoria Diamond Jubilee Club and News Paper Club started in 1896 in Bapatla were merged with the Town Hall in 1905.

Transport

The town has a total road length of 165.50 km (102.84 mi).^[30]

Until 1993, Vijaya Krishna Bus Service was the sole operator in Bapatla. APSRTC started operations in 1994 with its bus services to various parts of the state from Bapatla bus station.^[31] The town has frequent buses to Vijayawada, Guntur, Ponnur, Repalle and Chirala.^[32]^[33]

The National Highway 216 passes through the town, which connects Digamarru and Ongole.^[34] State Highway 48 also known as Guntur-Bapatla-Chirala (G.B.C) Road passes through Ponnur and connects the town with the district headquarters, Guntur.
Bapatla railway station is located on the Howrah-Chennai main line of Indian Railways. It is a –A category station and was recognised as an Adarsh station in the Vijayawada railway division of South Central Railway zone.^[35]

Education and research

The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state.^[36]^[37] The mediums of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu.

The town has many schools, colleges and universities. The Agricultural College was established on 11 July 1945 by Government of Composite Madras State. It is the oldest of all the colleges under Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University.^[38] Bapatla Engineering College, College of Agricultural Engineering under Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology,^[39] Bapatla Polytechnic College,^[40] and Bapatla College of Arts & Sciences^[41] are other prominent ones.

Research and defense establishments

An automatic weather station of India Meteorological Department is located in the town which records the temperatures.^[42] BPT 5204 (rice variety of Sona Masuri), BPT 2270 (Bhavapuri Sannalu) and BPT 2231 (Akshaya) were developed at this rice research unit.^[43]^[44] There are also a number of research institutes of this agricultural university, such as the AICRP on Betelvine, and a cashew research station.^[45]

Air Force base

Suryalanka Indian Air Force base on the shore of the Bay of Bengal is located near Bapatla. The base carries out activities such as testing missiles and guided weapon firing range.^[46]

Notable people

Pawan Kalyan, Indian actor, Politician, Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, President of Jana Sena Party
Komaravolu Sivaprasad, whistle singer

References

^ ^a ^b "Municipalities, Municipal Corporations & UDAs" (PDF). Directorate of Town and Country Planning. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c "District Census Handbook – Guntur" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 14, 46. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Bapatla, India". fallingrain.com.
^ "Census 2011". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
^ "Statistical Abstract of Andhra Pradesh, 2015" (PDF). Directorate of Economics & Statistics. Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
^ "Guntur District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 102, 112. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
^ Chandra Rao, Dr. P. Purna (2023). Chronicle of Guntur District Tourism (1 ed.). Guntur: Acharya Nagarjuna University. p. 26.
^ "Stories of Bapatla, a Seacoast Town". The Hans India. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2017.
^ Kumari, M. Krishna (1 September 1985). Rule of the Chalukya-Cholas in Andhradesa. B.R. Pub. Corp. ISBN 9788170182542.
^ Annual Report of the Department of Archaeology & Museums, Andhra Pradesh . Government of Andhra Pradesh. 1981.
^ "Bhavanarayana Swamy Temple". Official website of Guntur District. National Informatics Centre. Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ ^a ^b "Water woes bog down Bapatla ryots". 28 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "CLIMATE: BAPATLA". Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "Cylcones and depressions over the north Indian Ocean during 2010" (PDF). MAUSAM. 62: 287. 3 July 2011. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "Station: Bapatla Climatological Table 1991–2020" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1991–2020. India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 April 2024. Retrieved 17 July 2024.
^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
^ "Sex Ratio". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
^ "Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate)" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
^ "Water woes bog down Bapatla ryots". The Hindu. 28 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "MLA". AP State Portal. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
^ "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 22,31. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
^ "MP (Lok Sabha)". Government of AP. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
^ Avadhani, R (31 August 2014). "Floating sensor buoy saves aqua farmers from 'drowning'". The Hindu. Sangareddy. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
^ Sudhakar Reddy, U (16 September 2015). "Oil search moves to Guntur". Deccan Chronicle. Hyderabad. Archived from the original on 12 March 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
^ ^a ^b Sujatha Varma, P (23 December 2015). "Plans apace for Bhavapuri Beach Festival". The Hindu. Guntur. Archived from the original on 16 August 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
^ "115-year-old Baptist Zion Church dedicated". The Hindu. Bapatla. 30 November 2015. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ Cite error: The named reference Bhavapuri was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Clock Tower to be built again at Bapatla". The Hindu. Bapatla. 25 October 2014. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
^ Jonathan, P. Samuel (18 July 2018). "A piece of history in Bapatla". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
^ "Details of Roads in each ULB of Andhra Pradesh". Commissioner and Directorate of Municipal Administration. Municipal Administration and Urban Development Department – Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 1 August 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
^ "Bus Stations in Districts". Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
^ Samuel Jonathan, P (8 October 2015). "Nizampatnam backwaters beckon adventure geeks". The Hindu. Guntur. Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "Narrow roads prove to be a bane at Ponnur". The Hindu. Ponnur (Guntur district. 8 June 2012. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "National Highways in A.P". AP Online Portal. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
^ "Vijayawada division – A Profile" (PDF). South Central Railway. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "School Education Department" (PDF). School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
^ "The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal | AP State Portal". www.ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
^ "Agricultural College, Bapatla". agcbapatla.in. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
^ "College of Food Science & Technology – Bapatla". angrau.ac.in. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
^ ":: Bapatla Polytechnic College ::". Bpcbapatla.net. Archived from the original on 29 May 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
^ "The Bapatla College of Arts, Sciences". bcasbapatla.ac.in. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
^ "List of Automatic Weather Stations (AWS)" (PDF). Indian Meteorological Department, AWS Lab. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ "Sona Masuri variety rice". Business Standard. Chennai/ Hyderabad. 30 November 2011. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
^ Samuel Jonathan, P (25 May 2010). "Two new rice varieties developed". Guntur. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
^ "List of Research Stations in the Krishna Zone". angrau.ac.in. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
^ Samuel Jonathan, P (19 February 2015). "Southern Air Command chief visits Suryalanka IAF station". Bapatla. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[civicbody-1] "Municipalities, Municipal Corporations & UDAs" (PDF). Directorate of Town and Country Planning. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[census-2] "District Census Handbook – Guntur" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 14, 46. Retrieved 24 August 2015.

[geo-3] "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Bapatla, India". fallingrain.com.

[population-4] "Census 2011". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 23 July 2014.

[5] "Statistical Abstract of Andhra Pradesh, 2015" (PDF). Directorate of Economics & Statistics. Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2019.

[6] "Guntur District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 102, 112. Retrieved 19 January 2015.

[Bhavanapuri-7] Chandra Rao, Dr. P. Purna (2023). Chronicle of Guntur District Tourism (1 ed.). Guntur: Acharya Nagarjuna University. p. 26.

[etymology-8] "Stories of Bapatla, a Seacoast Town". The Hans India. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2017.

[9] Kumari, M. Krishna (1 September 1985). Rule of the Chalukya-Cholas in Andhradesa. B.R. Pub. Corp. ISBN 9788170182542.

[10] Annual Report of the Department of Archaeology & Museums, Andhra Pradesh . Government of Andhra Pradesh. 1981.

[11] "Bhavanarayana Swamy Temple". Official website of Guntur District. National Informatics Centre. Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[agri-12] "Water woes bog down Bapatla ryots". 28 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[bapatla-13] "CLIMATE: BAPATLA". Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[14] "Cylcones and depressions over the north Indian Ocean during 2010" (PDF). MAUSAM. 62: 287. 3 July 2011. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[IMDnormals-15] "Station: Bapatla Climatological Table 1991–2020" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1991–2020. India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 April 2024. Retrieved 17 July 2024.

[IMDextremes-16] "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.

[17] "Sex Ratio". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 August 2014.

[18] "Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate)" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Retrieved 29 August 2014.

[19] "Water woes bog down Bapatla ryots". The Hindu. 28 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[20] "MLA". AP State Portal. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.

[21] "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 22,31. Retrieved 11 October 2014.

[22] "MP (Lok Sabha)". Government of AP. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2015.

[23] Avadhani, R (31 August 2014). "Floating sensor buoy saves aqua farmers from 'drowning'". The Hindu. Sangareddy. Retrieved 10 June 2013.

[24] Sudhakar Reddy, U (16 September 2015). "Oil search moves to Guntur". Deccan Chronicle. Hyderabad. Archived from the original on 12 March 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[festival-25] Sujatha Varma, P (23 December 2015). "Plans apace for Bhavapuri Beach Festival". The Hindu. Guntur. Archived from the original on 16 August 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2013.

[26] "115-year-old Baptist Zion Church dedicated". The Hindu. Bapatla. 30 November 2015. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[Bhavapuri-27] Cite error: The named reference Bhavapuri was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[landmarks-28] "Clock Tower to be built again at Bapatla". The Hindu. Bapatla. 25 October 2014. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[29] Jonathan, P. Samuel (18 July 2018). "A piece of history in Bapatla". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2019.

[30] "Details of Roads in each ULB of Andhra Pradesh". Commissioner and Directorate of Municipal Administration. Municipal Administration and Urban Development Department – Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 1 August 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2017.

[31] "Bus Stations in Districts". Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2016.

[32] Samuel Jonathan, P (8 October 2015). "Nizampatnam backwaters beckon adventure geeks". The Hindu. Guntur. Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[33] "Narrow roads prove to be a bane at Ponnur". The Hindu. Ponnur (Guntur district. 8 June 2012. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[34] "National Highways in A.P". AP Online Portal. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2014.

[35] "Vijayawada division – A Profile" (PDF). South Central Railway. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[36] "School Education Department" (PDF). School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2016.

[37] "The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal | AP State Portal". www.ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.

[38] "Agricultural College, Bapatla". agcbapatla.in. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[39] "College of Food Science & Technology – Bapatla". angrau.ac.in. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[40] ":: Bapatla Polytechnic College ::". Bpcbapatla.net. Archived from the original on 29 May 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2013.

[41] "The Bapatla College of Arts, Sciences". bcasbapatla.ac.in. Retrieved 23 July 2014.

[42] "List of Automatic Weather Stations (AWS)" (PDF). Indian Meteorological Department, AWS Lab. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.

[43] "Sona Masuri variety rice". Business Standard. Chennai/ Hyderabad. 30 November 2011. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[44] Samuel Jonathan, P (25 May 2010). "Two new rice varieties developed". Guntur. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[45] "List of Research Stations in the Krishna Zone". angrau.ac.in. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

[46] Samuel Jonathan, P (19 February 2015). "Southern Air Command chief visits Suryalanka IAF station". Bapatla. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

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Bapatla