Arborloo

Steps of usage of the arborloo.
Arborloo in Ekwendeni, Malawi

An arborloo is a simple type of composting toilet in which feces are collected in a shallow pit and a fruit tree is later planted in the fertile soil of the full pit. Arborloos have: a pit like a pit latrine but less deep; a concrete, ferrocement or other strong floor; a superstructure (toilet house or outhouse) to provide privacy; and possibly a ring beam to protect the pit from collapsing.[1] The pit should remain well above the water table in the soil, so as to not contaminate groundwater.

The arborloo works by temporarily putting the slab and superstructure above a shallow pit while it fills. Feces, urine, paper, leaves, other materials for wiping, and potentially anal wash water all go into the pit. After each use, a cup of the excavated soil should be added to help to control smell and flies. When the pit is nearly full, the outhouse and slab are moved to a newly dug pit and the old pit is covered with some of the earth from the new pit and left to compost. A fruit tree or other useful vegetation is planted in the old pit, preferably during the rainy season.[2]

Feces are safely stored and converted in the soil, avoiding disease transmission, and do not have to be processed or manipulated by anyone. Instead, fruits on trees are grown, fertilised by human excreta.

The arborloo is a type of dry toilet. By using the nutrient-rich soil of a retired pit, the arborloo, in effect, treats feces as a resource rather than a waste product.[3][4] Arborloos are used in rural areas of many developing countries, for example in Zimbabwe, Malawi and Ethiopia.[1]

Design

The defecation pit may be circular or square and this may depend on the slab and superstructure. A circular pit is less likely to collapse.[5] The pit of the arborloo is shallow (between 1 and 1.5 meters (3 ft 3 in and 4 ft 11 in) deep).[2]

A squat slab covering the drop hole of an Arborloo in Malawi. The slab can be rolled from one location to the next.

If the pit is dug by hand it must have a diameter of at least 0.9 meters (2 ft 11 in) to accommodate effective digging.[6] The floor should be at least 20 centimeters (7.9 in) wider than the pit, to allow for its stability.[6] If the floor is round and unattached to the outhouse, it can be rolled to the new pit.

A roof is optional, especially if the floor is made such that rain runoff does not flow into the pit. The advantages of not making a roof include: more light, better ventilation, automatic rinsing with the rain, disinfection via solar ultraviolet radiation, reduced cost, and less weight.

See also

A banana plant growing vigorously on an ArborLoo pit.

References

  1. ^ a b "Toilets That Make Compost". www.ecosanres.org. Retrieved 2017-10-23.
  2. ^ a b Morgan, Peter (2007). Toilets that make compost: Low-cost, sanitary toilets that produce valuable compost for crops in an African context. Stockholm: EcoSanRes Programme. ISBN 978-9-197-60222-8.
  3. ^ Winblad, Uno; et al. (2004). Ecological Sanitation (PDF). Ecosanres Program of the Stockholm Environment Institute.
  4. ^ Jönsson; et al. (2004). Guidelines on the Use of Urine and Faeces in Crop Production. 35p (PDF). Ecosanres Program of the Stockholm Environment Institute.
  5. ^ WEDC (2012). An engineer's guide to latrine slabs (PDF). Loughborough University: WEDC. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-84380-143-6.
  6. ^ a b CAWST (2011). Introduction to Low Cost Sanitation Latrine Construction. CAWST: Center for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology. p. 16.

Media related to Arborloo at Wikimedia Commons

Read other articles:

The Quarterback (Glee)

3rd episode of the 5th season of Glee The QuarterbackGlee episodePast and current New Directions members commemorate the late Finn Hudson.Episode no.Season 5Episode 3Directed byBrad FalchukWritten byRyan MurphyBrad FalchukIan BrennanFeatured music Seasons of Love I'll Stand by You Fire and Rain If I Die Young No Surrender Make You Feel My Love Production code5ARC03Original air dateOctober 10, 2013 (2013-10-10)Guest appearances Amber Riley as Mercedes Jones Mark Salling as...

 

 

Irma Sandoval

Mexican academic (born 1972) In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Sandoval and the second or maternal family name is Ballesteros. Irma Sandoval BallesterosBorn1972 (age 51–52)Alma materMetropolitan Autonomous University (BA)National Autonomous University of Mexico (BA, MA)University of California, Santa Cruz (MA, PhD)OccupationPublic servantEmployerMinistry of Public AdministrationSpouseJohn M. Ackerman[1] Irma Eréndira Sandoval Ballesteros (...

 

 

Evanna Lynch

Irish actress (born 1991) Evanna LynchLynch in 2018BornEvanna Patricia Lynch (1991-08-16) 16 August 1991 (age 32)Termonfeckin, County Louth, IrelandEducationOur Lady's College, Greenhills, DroghedaCentre for Talented YouthInstitute of EducationOccupationsActressvoice actressactivistYears active2006–presentRelativesDeclan Kiberd (uncle)Damien Kiberd (uncle) Evanna Patricia Lynch (born 16 August 1991[1]) is an Irish actress and activist. She is best known for portraying Luna...

Mildred Dresselhaus

Mildred Dresselhaus Mildred S. Dresselhaus lahir dari keluarga imigran Polandia di Bronx, New York, pada tahun 1930, saat Depresi Besar (Great Depression) dimulai. Keluarganya dalam keadaan berkecukupan, tetapi kualitas sekolah pertamanya tidak terlalu baik. Adik laki-lakinya adalah seorang pemusik yang sangat berbakat, dan telah mulai bermain biola saat berusia empat tahun. Mildred menerima beasiswa untuk belajar di sekolah musik, dan di sini ia berhubungan dengan anak-anak dari sekolah deng...

 

 

Bulbophyllum maxillare

Bulbophyllum maxillare Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae (tanpa takson): Angiospermae (tanpa takson): Monocots Ordo: Asparagales Famili: Orchidaceae Genus: Bulbophyllum Spesies: Bulbophyllum maxillare Nama binomial Bulbophyllum maxillare(Lindl.) Rchb.f. (1861) Bulbophyllum maxillare adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Orchidaceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Asparagales. Spesies Bulbophyllum maxillare sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus Bulbophyllum.[...

 

 

Вулканы США

Эта страница требует существенной переработки. Возможно, её необходимо правильно оформить, дополнить или переписать.Пояснение причин и обсуждение — на странице Википедия:К улучшению/1 сентября 2023. Вулканы США Государство  США В этом списке перечисляются вулкан  Ме...

Синелобый амазон

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

 

 

Samolaco

Samolaco commune di Italia Tempat Negara berdaulatItaliaRegion di ItaliaLombardyProvinsi di ItaliaProvinsi Sondrio NegaraItalia Ibu kotaSamolaco PendudukTotal2.875  (2023 )GeografiLuas wilayah45,8 km² [convert: unit tak dikenal]Ketinggian236 m Berbatasan denganGordona Montemezzo (en) Novate Mezzola Prata Camportaccio Sorico (en) Vercana (en) Livo (en) Informasi tambahanKode pos23027 Zona waktuUTC+1 UTC+2 Kode telepon0343 ID ISTAT014057 Kode kadaster ItaliaH752 Lain-lainSitus webLam...

 

 

Unione Sportiva Catanzaro 1982-1983

Voce principale: Unione Sportiva Catanzaro. US CatanzaroStagione 1982-1983 Sport calcio Squadra Catanzaro Allenatore Bruno Pace (1ª-15ª) Saverio Leotta (16ª-30ª) Presidente Adriano Merlo Serie A16º (in Serie B) Coppa ItaliaOttavi di finale Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Braglia (28)Totale: Zaninelli (33) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: De Agostini, Mariani (4)Totale: De Agostini (7) StadioMilitare 1981-1982 1983-1984 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le inform...

Millennium of the Polish State

Ceremonial cavalry dressed in hussars' costumes during the parade in 1966. The Millennium of the Polish State (Polish: Tysiąclecie Państwa Polskiego, literally A Thousand Years of the Polish State) was a national celebration of the Christianization of Poland and the subsequent establishment of the first Polish nation. The celebrations took place over the years 1960–1966 by a resolution of the Sejm in 1958. The inauguration of the jubilee celebrations took place at the plenary session of t...

 

 

Токио (Бумажный дом)

Токио Вселенная Бумажный дом Создание Создатель Алекс Пина[англ.] Воплощение Исполнение роли Урсула Корберо Первое появление «Согласованные действия» (2017) Последнее появление «Семейная традиция» (2021) Биография Пол женский Место рождения Испания Происхождение Национал...

 

 

Nora Heysen

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Desember 2022. Nora HeysenPhotograph of Heysen by Harold Cazneaux, 1939, SydneyLahir11 Januari 1911Hahndorf, Australia SelatanMeninggal30 Desember 2003Sydney, AustraliaPendidikanSekolah Seni Rupa, AdelaideJulian Ashton Art School, SydneyDikenal atasWWII, 1st woman A...

コルク

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: コルク – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL（2017年4月） コルクを打ち抜いて作った瓶の栓 コルク（木栓、�...

 

 

Salvage (The X-Files)

SalvageEpisode The X-FilesNomor episodeMusim 8Episode 9SutradaraRod HardyPenulisJeffrey BellKode produksi8ABX10Tanggal siar14 Januari 2001Durasi44 menitKronologi episode ← SebelumnyaSurekill Selanjutnya →Badlaa Salvage adalah episode kesembilan dari musim kedelapan serial televisi fiksi ilmiah Amerika Serikat The X-Files. Episode tersebut tayang perdana di saluran Fox pada 14 Januari 2001. Episode tersebut ditulis oleh Jeffrey Bell dan disutradarai oleh Rod Hardy. Daftar pu...

 

 

Stora Valla

Stadium in Degerfors, Sweden Stora VallaEntrance at Stora Valla.LocationDegerfors, SwedenCapacity10,605Opened24 July 1938 (1938-07-24)TenantsDegerfors IF Stora Valla is a multi-use stadium in Degerfors, Sweden. It is currently used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of Degerfors IF. The stadium holds 12,500 people and opened in 1938.[1] The record attendance is 21,065 spectators, when Degerfors IF played IFK Norrköping, 1963.[1] References ^...

SMK PGRI 05 Jember

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Maret 2016. SMK PGRI 05 JemberInformasiNama latinSMEKGRIMADidirikan10 Oktober 1972JenisSwastaAkreditasiA[1]Nomor Statistik Sekolah342052401006Nomor Pokok Sekolah Nasional20548800Kepala SekolahSaiful AnwarJurusan atau peminatanAdministrasi Perkantor...

 

 

Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency (1990)

This article is part of a series aboutGeorge H. W. Bush Family Electoral history Pre-vice presidency U.S. Representative for Texas's 7th U.S. Ambassador U.N. China Chair of the RNC Director of Central Intelligence 43rd Vice President of the United States Transition Tenure Reagan administration first inauguration second inauguration Reagan assassination attempt Deregulation 41st President of the United States Presidency timeline Transition Inauguration Policies Environmental Foreign internati...

 

 

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

1766 painting by Joseph Wright of Derby A Philosopher Lecturing on the OrreryArtistJoseph Wright of DerbyYearc. 1766[1]MediumOil on canvas[1]Dimensions1473 mm × 2032 mm (58 in × 80 in)LocationDerby Museum and Art Gallery[1], Derby, England A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, or the full title, A Philosopher giving that Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun, is a 1766 painting by Joseph Wrig...

Government of Italy

Legislative, executive and judiciary authority of Italy Part of the Politics seriesPolitics of Italy Constitution Constitutional laws Lateran Treaty Head of state President (list) Sergio Mattarella Executive Prime Minister (list) Giorgia Meloni Council of Ministers Current Cabinet Undersecretaries Ministries Legislature Parliament (list) Senate of the Republic Chamber of Deputies Judiciary Constitutional Court Supreme Court of Cassation Court of Assizes Code of Criminal Procedure Constitution...

 

 

Shafi-ur-Rahman Commission

A PAF's C-130 was involved in the crash in 1988. This article is part of a series aboutMuhammad Zia-ul-Haq Early life Military coup Zia administration Policies Hudud Ordinances Islamization Economic policy Ziaism President of Pakistan Presidency 1984 referendum 1985 parliamentary elections Amendments to the Constitution of Pakistan VIII X Ojhri Camp disaster Zakat Council Death Shafi-ur-Rehman Commission A Case of Exploding Mangoes Gallery: Picture, Sound, Video vte The Shafi ur Rahman Commis...