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Gomolka was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland).[1] He had a PhD in geography.[2] He was married and had four children.[1] At one point, Gomolka attempted to set up a new radio station. However, he was unable to compete with Norddeutscher Rundfunk.[2]
Following German reunification, he served as the first minister president[a] of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern from October 1990 until 1992.[3][4] In 1990, the CDU took 33 of the 66 seats in the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state parliament, but was aided by one person transferring from the SED to the CDU and two MPs from the Free Democratic Party (FDP).[5][6] In 1992, Gomolka was involved in the shipyard crisis,[1][7] a disagreement between Gomolka and the German Minister for Transport and CDU regional party leader Günther Krause over shipyard policies.[2] Gomolka had wanted to rebuild and then privatise German shipbuilding, whereas Krause wanted to immediately sell the shipyards.[2] They also disagreed on how many ships to sell to Bremer Vulkan.[8] Krause accused Gomolka of incompetence over his handling of the crisis.[7] Krause then overturned Gomolka's shipyard policies.[9] As a result of the crisis, the CDU lost trust in Gomolka, and he left his role as minister president of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.[1] He remained as a state MP until 1994[4][1] and was replaced by Berndt Seite as minister president.[2] From November 1991 until March 1992, Gomolka also served as the president of the German Bundesrat, before being replaced by Berndt Seite.[10][11]
From 1994 until 2009, Gomolka was an MEP, representing the CDU.[3][1] He focused upon improving relations with the Baltic states, and was an advocate for Latvia's entry into the European Union.[1] He served as the chairman of the EU delegation to the EU-Latvia Joint Parliamentary Committee.[12] After leaving the EU Parliament, he served as leader of the CDU Seniors' Union for northeast Germany until 2015.[2]
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