Adra, Syria

'Adra
عَدْرَا
Village
'Adra is located in Syria
'Adra
'Adra
Coordinates: 33°36′00″N 36°30′54″E / 33.6°N 36.515°E / 33.6; 36.515
Country Syria
GovernorateRif Dimashq
DistrictDouma
SubdistrictDouma
Population
 (2004 census)[1]
 • Total
20,559
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
ClimateBWk

'Adra (Arabic: عَدْرَا, romanized: ʿAdrā) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located northeast of Damascus. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 20,559 in the 2004 census.[1] The Hujr ibn Adi Mosque is located in the town.

Summary

Adra is the site of Syria's largest industrial city, located immediately east of the town. The industrial zone's area is around 7,000 hectares, with half being designated for services and the other half for industries. Its total estimated cost $570 million US. In 2008 there were 90 operating factories while 1,125 factories were under construction. The investment value for active factories was $646 million US.[2] By 2010, Adra's industrial city contained the largest number of active factories and factories under construction in Syria, with a total of 1,952, a few more than in Shaykh Najjar. The city's director-general in 2010 was Ziad Badour.[3]

The town is the site of the Adra Prison. Nearby localities include al-Rihan and Douma to the west, al-Shafuniyah and Hawsh Nasri to the southwest, Midaa to the south, Dumeir to the east, al-Qutayfah to the north, Hufayr al-Tahta to the northwest.

History

Adra is identified with the Biblical town of "Hadrach" mentioned by Zechariah who noted the city, which was defended by Damascus, was condemned.[4]

The Ghassanids, who were Arab Christians, dominated Adra and fought against the Arab Muslim invaders commanded by Khalid ibn al-Walid in the Battle of Marj Rahit in July, 634 CE. The battle resulted in a decisive Rashidun victory and largescale Islamization took place in the area soon after.

Adra contains several graves of sahaba ("companions" of Islamic prophet Muhammad), including most notably that of Hujr ibn Adi.[5] The Zengid ruler Imad al-Din Zengi encamped at Adra in early 1135 before attempting to besiege Damascus which was controlled by the Burids.[6]

In the early 19th-century a ruined khan ("caravansary") was reported by Western travelers to be near the village of Adra.[7]

In 2013, it was the site of the Adra massacre conducted by Islamist rebels against Syrian minorities.[8][9][10]

References

  1. ^ a b General Census of Population and Housing 2004. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Rif Dimashq Governorate. (in Arabic)
  2. ^ Oxford Business Group. (2007). The Report: Emerging Syria 2008. ISBN 1902339916. p. 122.
  3. ^ Oxford Business Group. (2011). The Report: Syria 2011. ISBN 1907065342. p. 152.
  4. ^ Edwards, 1835, p. 590.
  5. ^ Khalek, p. 125.
  6. ^ Gibb, 2003, p. 234
  7. ^ Conder, 1830, p. 35.
  8. ^ "BBC News - Syria conflict: 'Islamist rebels' kill Adra civilians". BBC News. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
  9. ^ "Islamists kill 15 Alawite and Druze civilians in Syria: activists". Reuters. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
  10. ^ "Civilian Massacres in Syria". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 6 February 2015.

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