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Office of the Admiral of Patrols
Office of the Admiral of Patrols
	Ensign of the Royal Navy
	Department of the Admiralty
Reports to	First Sea Lord
Nominator	First Lord of the Admiralty
Appointer	Prime Minister; Subject to formal approval by the Queen-in-Council
Term length	Not fixed (typically 1–2 years)
Inaugural holder	Rear-Admiral John de Robeck
Formation	1912-1916

The Admiral of Patrols ^[1] was a former command appointment within the Admiralty during World War I usually held by a junior flag officer the post was established from 1912 to 1916.

History

In the preceding years before World War I the Admiralty were assessing the need to protect the navy's main capital ships in the future event of any war, which would be augmented by the possible implementation a coastal patrol and mine-sweeping initiative. The need for some sort of patrol protection function being established was indicated by Admiral Lord Charles Beresford as early as 1907.

In 1909 Admiral Fisher obtained a small number of vessels for experimentation, Beginning about 1910 the Admiralty acknowledged that this sort of service may likely be in the form of local coastal patrol support for the regular navy at this time there was a lack of patrol capabilities within the Royal Navy.

On May 1, 1912 the post of Admiral of Patrols was created and under its command consisted four destroyer flotillas until 1913. In 1914, the Board of Admiralty sent an order the Admiralty War Staff asking the Chief of the War Staff to re-evaluate the patrols current functional role operating off the Eastern Coast of Great Britain the First Sea Lord envisaged that its current function of patrolling would now be that of coastal defence ^[2] but would include an additional force the units of the Auxiliary Patrol. After the implementation took place Admiral de Robeck was replaced by a new commander Commodore George A. Ballard.^[3] He assumed the duties of Admiral of Patrols on the 1 May 1914 ^[4] and held the post until it was abolished in 1917.

Commodore/Admiral of Patrols

	Rank	Name	Term
Commodore/Admiral, of Patrols
1	Rear-Admiral	John de Robeck	8 April 1912 – 1 May 1914 (initially-Cdre, 1.Cls) ^[5]
2	Commodore 1st Class	George A. Ballard	1 May 1914 - 1916 (later-R.Adm)^[6]

Assistant to Admiral of Patrols

Captain Walter H. Cowan, 1 May 1912 – 7 February 1914 ^[7]
Captain Edward G. Lowther-Crofton, 7 February 1914 – 1 February 1916

Patrol formations under this command

As of May 1912 – 1914:^[8]^[9]

#	Unit	Based at	Dates	Notes
1	5th Destroyer Flotilla	Devonport	March 1909 – 1913	1 cruiser leader - 1 scout cruiser - approx 23 destroyers
2	6th Destroyer Flotilla	Portsmouth	May 1912 – 1914	3 scout cruisers - approx 22 destroyers
3	7th Destroyer Flotilla	Humber then Devonport	May 1912 – 1914	1 scout cruiser, 21 destroyers - 12 torpedo boats
4	8th Destroyer Flotilla	Tyne then Chatham	May 1912 – 1914	1 scout cruiser - 12 destroyers - 13 torpedo boat destroyers
5	9th Destroyer Flotilla	Sheerness then Rosyth/Forth then Nore	May 1912 – 1914	1 cruiser leaders - 1-2 scout cruisers - approx 20 - 27 destroyers
6	4th Submarine Flotilla	AOP	1914-1918	7 boats
7	5th Submarine Flotilla	AOP	1914-1918	6 boats
8	6th Submarine Flotilla	AOP	1914-1918	6 boats
9	7th Submarine Flotilla	AOP	1914-1918	12 boats
10	8th SubmarineFlotilla	AOP	1914-1918	13 boats
11	9th Submarine Flotilla	AOP	1914-1918	3 boats
12	Auxiliary Patrol	multiple bases	1914-1917	Auxiliary Patrol Areas I - XXIII (Home Waters) and Auxiliary Patrol Area 1, 5, 8, 10 Mediterranean Sea

Units

flotilla vessels 1914^[10]
Type	Number of units
Sentinel-class cruiser	2
Pathfinder-class cruiser	1
F Class DD	12
Old Destroyers	62
Torpedo boats	24
Other	8
Total	109

flotilla vessels 1915^[11]
Type	Number of units
Sentinel-class cruiser	2
Pathfinder-class cruiser	1
F Class DD	8
Old Destroyers	45
Torpedo boats	18
Other	14
Total	80

Auxiliary patrol

The Auxiliary Patrol was a component force under the (ADMP) and composed of a large number of small craft tasked with minesweeping and anti-submarine patrols, initially around the British Isles, but later also in the Mediterranean. The Auxiliary Patrol was the front-line force in the defence of initially the British Isles, but later also the Mediterranean, against German mines and submarines.

References

^ Abbatiello, John (May 2, 2006). Anti-Submarine Warfare in World War I: British Naval Aviation and the Defeat of the U-Boats. Routledge. p. 84. ISBN 9781135989545.
^ Lambert, Nicholas A. (1999). Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution (1st paperback print. ed.). Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. p. 286. ISBN 9781570034923.
^ Lambert. Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution. p. 286.
^ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Friday, 1 May 1914. Issue 40512, col B, p. 6.
^ Archives, The National. "Service Record, Robeck, ADM 196/42, f. 128". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives UK. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
^ "Official Appointments and Notices, Military and Naval". No. 40512. The Times, London, col B, p.6. 1 May 1914.
^ Archives, The National. "The Discovery Service, Cowan, Walter Henry, Service Records, ADM 196/43/157, f. 249". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
^ Smith, Gordon. "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net, 5 January 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
^ Dunn, Steve (2017). "4: War August to October 1914". Securing the Narrow Sea: The Dover Patrol 1914 - 1918. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 9781848322516.
^ Smith, Gordon. "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net, 5 January 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
^ Smith, Gordon. "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net, 5 January 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2017.

Attribution

Primary source for this article is by Harley Simon, Lovell Tony, (2017), Admiral of Patrols, dreadnoughtproject.org, http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org.

Sources

Lambert, Nicholas A. (1999). Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 1570032777
Smith, Gordon. (2015). "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net.