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This is a list of notable events relating to the environment in 1991. They relate to environmental law, conservation, environmentalism and environmental issues.

Events

The New Zealand Forest Accord between forestry associations and environmental groups is signed.
The Rotvoll controversy arose in Norway concerning the construction of a research and development facility for Statoil. It was a political controversy with concerns over secrecy and the lack of legally required environmental impact studies.

The Gulf War oil spill began. It is one of the largest oil spills in history and resulted from the Gulf War in 1991 causing considerable damage to wildlife in the Persian Gulf, especially in areas surrounding Kuwait and Iraq.
The Kuwaiti oil fires began and were caused by Iraqi military forces setting fire to more than 600 oil wells as part of a scorched earth policy while retreating from Kuwait.

The Air Quality Agreement, an environmental treaty between Canada and the United States, was signed by Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and American President George H. W. Bush. It entered into force immediately.

The Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) passed into law in New Zealand. It is a significant, and at times, controversial Act of Parliament. The RMA promotes the sustainable management of natural and physical resources such as land, air and water.