1949 West German presidential election

1949 West German presidential election
← 1932 (Weimar Republic) 12 September 1949 1954 →
 
Nominee Theodor Heuss Kurt Schumacher Rudolf Amelunxen
Party FDP SPD Centre
Electoral vote 416 312 30
Percentage 51.7% 38.8 3.7
President before election

Karl Dönitz (as President of the German Reich at the end of World War II)
NSDAP

Elected President

Theodor Heuss
FDP

An indirect presidential election (officially the 1st Federal Convention) was held on 12 September 1949, following the first Bundestag election of 14 August 1949 and coalition talks/ negotiations between CDU/CSU, FDP and German Party (DP).

The FDP leader Theodor Heuss, who was nominated by CDU/CSU and FDP by agreement of the partners of the ruling coalition, was elected by the Federal Convention (composed of all members of the Bundestag and an equal number of delegates selected by the state legislatures).

Under the 1949 Basic Law, the new office of the Federal President was given fewer powers than the preceding office of Reich President, due to the bad experiences of the past, especially the abuse of emergency powers. Heuss therefore assumed a largely ceremonial role. However, his duties included the nomination of the first Federal Chancellor, Konrad Adenauer. Federal President Heuss took the oath of office in front of Bundestag and Bundesrat the same day of his election, on 12 September 1949.

This was the first German presidential election in post-war Germany and the second indirect election since 1919 that elected Social Democrat Friedrich Ebert as Germany's first President.

12 September 1949
Ballot Candidate Voters % Party Supporting party
1st Theodor Heuss 377 46.9% FDP FDP, CDU, DP
Kurt Schumacher 311 38.7% SPD
Rudolf Amelunxen 28 3.5% Zentrum
Hans Schlange-Schöningen 6 0.7% CDU
Karl Arnold 1 0.1% CDU
Josef Müller 1 0.1% CSU
Alfred Loritz 1 0.1% WAV
Abstention 76 9.5%
Invalid 2 0.2%
2nd Theodor Heuss 416 51.7% FDP FDP, CDU, DP
Kurt Schumacher 312 38.8% SPD
Rudolf Amelunxen 30 3.7% Zentrum
Hans Schlange-Schöningen 2 0.2% CDU
Abstention 37 4.6%
Invalid 3 0.4%

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