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1337 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1337; MCCCXXXVII
Ab urbe condita	2090
Armenian calendar	786; ԹՎ ՉՁԶ
Assyrian calendar	6087
Balinese saka calendar	1258–1259
Bengali calendar	744
Berber calendar	2287
English Regnal year	10 Edw. 3 – 11 Edw. 3
Buddhist calendar	1881
Burmese calendar	699
Byzantine calendar	6845–6846
Chinese calendar	丙子年 (Fire Rat); 4034 or 3827; — to —; 丁丑年 (Fire Ox); 4035 or 3828
Coptic calendar	1053–1054
Discordian calendar	2503
Ethiopian calendar	1329–1330
Hebrew calendar	5097–5098
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1393–1394
- Shaka Samvat	1258–1259
- Kali Yuga	4437–4438
Holocene calendar	11337
Igbo calendar	337–338
Iranian calendar	715–716
Islamic calendar	737–738
Japanese calendar	Shōkei 6; (正慶６年)
Javanese calendar	1249–1250
Julian calendar	1337; MCCCXXXVII
Korean calendar	3670
Minguo calendar	575 before ROC; 民前575年
Nanakshahi calendar	−131
Thai solar calendar	1879–1880
Tibetan calendar	阳火鼠年; (male Fire-Rat); 1463 or 1082 or 310; — to —; 阴火牛年; (female Fire-Ox); 1464 or 1083 or 311

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	13th century; 14th century ; 15th century;
Decades:	1310s; 1320s; 1330s ; 1340s; 1350s;
Years:	1334; 1335; 1336; 1337 ; 1338; 1339; 1340;

Events

March 16 – Edward, the Black Prince establishes the Duchy of Cornwall, becoming the first English Duke.^[1]
May 24 – Philip VI of France confiscates Gascony from English control.^[2]
August – Second War of Scottish Independence: English forces relieve Stirling Castle, ending Edward III of England's last campaign in Scotland.^[2]
October – Hundred Years' War: Edward III of England formally rejects Philip VI's claim to the French throne, initiating hostilities between France and England.^[2]^[3]
November – Battle of Cadzand: English troops raid the Flemish island of Cadzand.

Bisham Priory is founded in England.
The Scaligeri Family loses control of Padua; Alberto della Scala, patron of the music of the Trecento, moves to Verona.
Petrarch, "father" of Renaissance humanism, first visits Rome to wander its mysterious ruins, with an eye for aesthetics as well as for history, exciting a renewed interest in Classical civilisation.
The Sofia Psalter is produced in Bulgaria.
The Despotate of Epirus is conquered by the Byzantine Empire.
The famine in China, which had lasted since 1332 and killed 6,000,000, comes to an end.
Siege of Nicomedia: After its foundation by Osman I in about 1299, the Ottoman Empire expanded across Bithynia in north-west Anatolia by capturing territory from the Byzantine Empire.

February 25 – Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg, Czech Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1383)
date unknown
- Louis II, Duke of Bourbon (d. 1410)
- Jean Froissart, historian and courtier from Hainaut (d. 1405)
- Bianca of Savoy, lady consort of Milan (d. 1387)
- Chŏng Mong-ju, Goryeo diplomat and poet (d. 1392)
- Robert III of Scotland, second monarch from the House of Stewart to rule Scotland (d. 1406)

January 8 – Giotto di Bondone, Italian painter (b. 1267)
June 7 – William I, Count of Hainaut (b. 1286)
June 15 – Angelo da Clareno, Italian Franciscan and leader of a group of Fraticelli (b. 1247)
June 25 – Frederick III of Sicily (b. 1272)
June 30 – Eleanor de Clare, politically active English noble (b. 1290)
date unknown
- Changshi, khan of the Chagatai Khanate
- William Frangipani, Latin Archbishop of Patras
- Musa I of Mali, ruler of the Malian Empire (b. c.1280)
- Prince Narinaga, Japanese Shōgun (b. 1326, d. either 1337 or 1344, the sources are contradictory)

^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 100–102. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 159–161. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.