^Museum، Oakland؛ Art، Laguna Beach Museum of؛ Museum، Crocker Art (1981). Impressionism, the California view. Oakland Museum. ص. 84. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-15. After a brief apprenticeship with a jeweler, he enrolled in 1897 at the National Academy of Design, where he studied under Francis C. Jones.
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