نيايا

نيايا (Nyāya باللغة السنسكريتية न्याय) هي كلمة تعني القواعد أو المنهج أو الأحكام.[1][2] وهي أيضاً واحدة من إحدى ست مدارس تقليدية (أستيكا) في الهندوسية.[2] كان لهذه المدرسة كبير الأثر على الفلسفة الهندية وذلك بمساهمتها في التطوير المنهجي لكل من نظرية المنطق والمنهجية، بالإضافة إلى أطروحاتها في نظرية المعرفة.[3][4]

تقبل الأصول المعرفية لمدرسة نيايا أربعة من ستة براهين (برامانا Pramana) كوسائل موثوقة لاكتساب المعرفة، وهي: الفهم والإدراك (Pratyakṣa) والاستنباط (Anumāṇa) والمقارنة والقياس (Upamāṇa) وشهادة الخبراء الموثوقين في الحاضر والماضي (Śabda).[5][6][7]

اقرأ أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ nyAya Monier-Williams' Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, Germany نسخة محفوظة 09 نوفمبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
  2. ^ ا ب Nyaya: Indian Philosophy Encyclopedia Britannica (2014) نسخة محفوظة 10 مايو 2015 على موقع واي باك مشين.
  3. ^ B Gupta (2012), An Introduction to Indian Philosophy: Perspectives on Reality, Knowledge and Freedom, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-80003-7, pages 171-189
  4. ^ PT Raju (1985), Structural Depths of Indian Thought: Toward a Constructive Postmodern Ethics, State University of New York Press, ISBN 978-0-88706-139-4, page 223
  5. ^ John A. Grimes, A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English, State University of New York Press, ISBN 978-0-7914-3067-5, page 238
  6. ^ DPS Bhawuk (2011), Spirituality and Indian Psychology (Editor: Anthony Marsella), Springer, ISBN 978-1-4419-8109-7, page 172
  7. ^ Gavin Flood, An Introduction to Hinduism, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0, page 225
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هذه بذرة مقالة عن الهندوسية بحاجة للتوسيع. فضلًا شارك في تحريرها.

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