زاوية وسط الشذوذ

رسم تخطيطي لمساحات متساوية مسحت في وقت متساوي، سواء في مدار دائري ومدار بيضاوي الشكل. يوضح مفهوم وسط الشذوذ.

زاوية وسط الشذوذ أو الشذوذ المتوسط (بالإنجليزية: Mean anomaly)‏ في الميكانيكا السماوية، الشذوذ المتوسط هي الزاوية التي تستخدم لحساب موقع جسم ما يدور في مدار إهليجي في مسألة الجسمين الكلاسيكية. وهي المسافة الزاوبة لنقطة مسار (قبا) جسم وهمي إذا تحرك في مدار دائري بسرعة ثابتة في نفس الفترة المدارية للجسم الفعلي في مدارة البيضاوي[1][2] وتتعلق بموضع ووقت للحصول على الجسم الذي يتحرك في مدار كبلر. إنه يقوم على حقيقة أن الخط الوهمي من الشمس إلى الكوكب يمسح مساحات متساوية في أزمنة متساوية (القانون الثاني كبلر). الشذوذ متوسط يزيد بشكل موحد من 0 إلى \pi2 زاوية نصف قطرية خلال كل مدار. ومع ذلك فإنه ليس زاوية. وفقا لقانون الثاني كبلر

متوسط الشذوذ عادة ما يرمز له بالحرف M، وتعطى من قبل الصيغة:

ومتوسط الشذوذ M يمكن حسابه من الشذوذ اللا تمركزي E والانحراف المداري e مع معادلة كبلر:

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مراجع

  1. ^ Montenbruck، Oliver (1989). Practical Ephemeris Calculations. Springer-Verlag. ص. 44. ISBN:0-387-50704-3.
  2. ^ Meeus، Jean (1991). Astronomical Algorithms. Willmann-Bell, Inc., Richmond, VA. ص. 182. ISBN:0-943396-35-2.
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