Spoed

'n Padbord wat die spoedbeperking (80 in 'n rooi sirkel) en die gemete spoed waarteen 'n sekere motorvoertuig ry (67) elektronies aandui.

Spoed is 'n aanduiding van hoe vinnig beweging plaasvind, dit wil sê hoe ver 'n voorwerp in 'n bepaalde tyd beweeg. Die spoedmeter van 'n motor meet byvoorbeeld hoe vinnig dit ry. Spoed is dus die tempo waarteen afstand afgelê word. Die woord tempo impliseer dat iets per tydseenheid, dit wil sê per uur of per sekonde, geskied. Die spoedmeter gee egter geen aanduiding van die rigting waarin die beweging plaasvind nie. Spoed is dus 'n skalaar, en dit kan bereken word uit die verwantskap .

In die alledaagse lewe word spoed gemeet in kilometer per uur (km·h-1, km/h of kpu), byvoorbeeld die spoed van motors, vliegtuie en bote. Seespoed word aangedui in knope: 1 knoop is (benaderd) ≈ 1,85 km·h-1 of 0,514 m·s-1. In die wetenskap word spoed egter in die SI-eenheid aangegee, naamlik meter per sekonde (m·s-1).

Spoed is uniform of konstant wanneer gelyke afstande in gelyke tye afgelê word. Sulke ideale omstandighede kom selde in die daaglikse lewe voor. Wanneer spoed bepaal word met behulp van bostaande verwantskap, is dit gewoonlik die gemiddelde spoed wat oor die betrokke afstand gehandhaaf word, wat in werklikheid bereken word. Die verwantskap is dan eerder: , of in simbole: .

Die simbool (delta) beteken "verandering in" of "verskil in". Die lyn bokant die v dui 'n gemiddelde waarde aan.

Snelheid vs. spoed

Streng gesproke is daar 'n verskil tussen snelheid en spoed. Kyk na die definisies van snelheid en spoed hieronder en ook verplasing en afstand:

Snelheid = Verplasing / Tyd ('n Vektoreenheid, met grootte en rigting)
Spoed = Afstand / Tyd – ('n Skalaareenheid, met slegs grootte)

Kyk ook

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