Illiriërs

Illiriese stamme in die 1ste en 2de eeu n.C.

Die Illiriërs (Grieks: Ἰλλυριοί, Illyrioi; Latyn: Illyrii) was 'n groep Indo-Europeessprekende volke wat in antieke tye in die westelike deel van die Balkanskiereiland gewoon het. Saam met die Grieke en Thraciërs was hulle een van die drie belangrikste Paleo-Balkanbevolkings.

Die gebied waar die Illiriërs gewoon het, het aan latere Griekse en Latynse skrywers bekend geword as Illirië. Hulle het 'n gebied geïdentifiseer wat ooreenstem met die huidige Albanië, Montenegro, Kosovo, 'n groot deel van Kroasië en Bosnië en Herzegowina, Wes- en Sentraal-Serwië en dele van Slowenië tussen die Adriatiese See in die weste en die Dravarivier in die noorde, die Moravarivier in die ooste en die Kerauniese gebergte in die suide.[1] Die eerste keer dat die Iliriese volke genoem is, is in die 6de eeu in die werke van die antieke Griekse skrywer Hekataios van Milete.

Die antieke Grieke het hulle bure in die noorde die "Illiriërs" genoem, wat dalk verwys het na 'n breë, swak gedefinieerde groep volke. Die Illiriese stamme het vermoedelik nooit na hulleself as sodanig verwys nie en dit is onwaarskynlik dat hulle een naam vir hulleself gebruik het.[2] Dit lyk of "Illiriërs" die naam van 'n spesifieke stam was wat die Grieke in die Bronstydperk teengekom het.[3] Die Grieke het toe die naam gebruik vir alle volke met 'n soortgelyke taal en kultuur.[4]

Die term "Illiriërs" verskyn in die 7de eeu die laaste keer in die historiese rekord, waar dit verwys na 'n Bisantynse garnisoen in die voormalige Romeinse provinsie Illyricum.[5] Wat met die Illiriërs gebeur het nadat die Slawiërs hulle in die streek gevestig het, is 'n saak van debattering onder geleerdes. Dit sluit die vraag in of Albanies nie dalk van die ou taal Illiries afstam nie.

Verwysings

  1. ↑ Shpuza 2022, p. 553; Zindel et al. 2018, p. 346; Bejko et al. 2015, p. 4; Hammond & Wilkes 2012, p. 726; Dausse 2015, p. 28.
  2. ↑ Roisman & Worthington 2010, p. 280.
  3. ↑ Boardman 1982, p. 629.
  4. ↑ Wilkes 1992, p. 92.
  5. ↑ Schaefer 2008, p. 130.

Aangehaalde bronne

Skakels

  • Hierdie artikel is in sy geheel of gedeeltelik uit die vertaal.

Read other articles:

Andrej Bagar

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. Andrej Bagarpatung dada potret, karya Emil VenkovLahir(1900-10-29)29 Oktober 1900Trenčianske Teplice, Austria-Hungaria (kini Republik Slowakia)Meninggal31 Juli 1966(1966-07-31) (umur 65)Bratislava, Cekoslowakia (kini Republik Slowakia)PekerjaanP...

 

شريجة الأولى (إسماعيلية)

شريجة الأولى شريجه يك  - قرية -  تقسيم إداري البلد  إيران[1] المحافظة محافظة خوزستان المقاطعة إقليم الأحواز قسم الناحية المركزية لمقاطعة الأهواز التقسيم الإداري الإيراني قسم إسماعيلية الريفي إحداثيات 31°14′00″N 48°19′00″E / 31.233333°N 48.316667°E / 31.233333; 48....

 

Academy Awards ke-3

Academy Awards ke-3Tanggal5 November 1930TempatHotel AmbassadorLos Angeles, CaliforniaPembawa acaraConrad NagelSorotanFilm TerbaikAll Quiet on the Western FrontPenghargaan terbanyakAll Quiet on the Western Front dan The Big House (2)Nominasi terbanyakThe Love Parade (6) ← ke-2 Academy Awards ke-4 → Academy Awards ke-3 dianugerahi kepada film-film yang diselesaikan dan tayang rilis antara 1 Agustus 1929, dan 31 Juli 1930, oleh Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences....

Ashley's stopper knot

Type of knot Ashley's stopper knotNamesAshley's stopper knot, Ashley stopper knot, Oysterman's stopperCategoryStopperOriginClifford Ashley, c. 1910ABoK#526 The load-bearing face of an Ashley's stopper knot. This particular example was tied in an unusual manner, with what would normally be considered the standing part very short, to fully expose the knot's Trefoil-like face. Ashley's stopper knot, also known as the oysterman's stopper, is a knot developed by Clifford W. Ashley around 1910. It ...

 

24 Ore di Le Mans 1999

Voce principale: 24 Ore di Le Mans. 24 Ore di Le Mans 1999Edizione n. 67 del 24 Ore di Le Mans Dati generaliInizio12 giugno Termine13 giugno Titoli in palioVittoria assoluta Joachim Winkelhock Pierluigi Martini Yannick Dalmassu BMW V12 LMR Classe LM-GTP Ukyo Katayama Keiichi Tsuchiya Toshio Suzukisu Toyota GT-One Classe GTS Olivier Beretta Karl Wendlinger Dominique Dupuysu Chrysler Viper GTS-R Classe GT Uwe Alzen Patrick Huisman Luca Riccitellisu Porsche 911 GT3-R Altre edizioniPrecedente -&...

 

Lily Gladstone

Lily GladstoneGladstone tahun 2022Lahir2 Agustus 1986 (umur 37)Kalispell, Montana, Amerika SerikatPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif2012-sekarang Lily Gladstone (lahir 2 Agustus 1986)[1] adalah seorang aktris asal Amerika Serikat. Dia membuat debut filmnya di Jimmy P: Psychotherapy of a Plains Indian (2012), dan kemudian berkolaborasi dengan pembuat film Kelly Reichardt dalam film independen Certain Women (2016) dan First Cow (2019).[2] Perannya sebagai seorang peternak di ...

Bekhudi

BekhudiबेखुदीVinyl Record CoverSutradaraRahul RawailProduserMaharukh JokhiRita RawailDitulis olehMadan Joshi (dialog)SkenarioIndira,Gautam RajadhyakshaCeritaIndira,Gautam RajadhyakshaPemeranKajolKamal SadanahPenata musikNadeem-Shravan (lagu),Vanraj Bhatia (BGM)SinematograferKamlakar RaoPenyuntingSuresh ChaturvediPerusahaanproduksiDream MerchantsTanggal rilis 31 Juli 1992 (1992-07-31) NegaraIndiaBahasaHindi Bekhudi adalah sebuah film Bollywood tahun 1992. Film tersebut d...

 

IOS 7

iOS 7Versi dari sistem operasi iOSBerkas:IOS 7.1 homescreen.pngLayar depan iOS 7 yang berjalan di iPhone 4.PembangunApple Inc.Model sumberSumber tertutup, dengan komponen sumber terbukaDirilis kemanufaktur18 September 2013; 10 tahun lalu (2013-09-18)Rilis terbaruSemua model: iOS 7.1.2 (11D257) / 30 Juni 2014; 9 tahun lalu (2014-06-30)[1]PlatformiPhone 4, iPhone 4S, iPhone 5, iPhone 5C, iPhone 5S, iPod Touch (generasi kelima), iPad 2, iPad (generasi ketiga), iPad (generasi k...

 

Wingate Sandstone

Geologic formation across the Colorado Plateau, USA Wingate SandstoneStratigraphic range: Rhaetian-Hettangian~206–199 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Wingate Sandstone cliffs in the San Rafael Swell, UtahTypeGeological formationUnit ofGlen Canyon GroupUnderliesKayenta FormationOverliesChinle FormationLithologyPrimaryEolian sandstoneLocationCoordinates39°06′N 109°06′W / 39.1°N 109.1°W / 39.1; -109.1Approximate paleocoordinates17°42′N 48°18′Wþ...

Данио-рерио

Данио-рерио Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеГруппа:Костные рыбыКласс:Лучепёрые рыбыПодкласс:Новопёрые рыбыИн�...

 

Ram (director)

Indian Film Director RamRam at the Aruvi, Tamil Movie PremiereBornRam SubramaniamCoimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaAlma materAmerican College, MaduraiOccupation(s)Filmmaker, actorYears active2007–present Ram (right) at IFFI 2013 Ram is an Indian film director, who works in Tamil cinema.[1] After assisting Hindi directors Rajkumar Santoshi and working under Balu Mahendra, he made his directorial debut with Kattradhu Thamizh (2007), which fetched him strong critical acclaim. His ...

 

Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop

Railway line connecting Barharwa and Katwa, West Bengal Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop (incl. Nalhati–Azimganj branch line)Barharwa Junction is an important railway station of Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loopOverviewStatusOperationalOwnerIndian RailwaysLocaleJharkhand, West BengalTerminiBarharwaKatwaStations39ServiceOperator(s)Eastern RailwayHistoryOpened1913TechnicalLine length170 km (106 mi)Number of tracks2Track gauge5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gaugeElectri...

Augusto Federico di Hannover

Augusto Federico di HannoverIl principe Augusto Federico di HannoverDuca di SussexStemma In carica27 novembre 1801 –21 aprile 1843 PredecessoreTitolo creato SuccessoreHenry TrattamentoSua Altezza Reale Altri titoliConte di InvernessBarone Arklow NascitaBuckingham Palace, Londra, 27 gennaio 1773 MorteKensington Palace, Londra, 21 aprile 1843 (70 anni) DinastiaHannover PadreGiorgio III di Gran Bretagna MadreCarlotta di Meclemburgo-Strelitz ConsorteLady Augusta MurrayCecilia Un...

 

Unleavened bread

Wide variety of breads which are not prepared with raising agents such as yeast For other uses, see Unleavened bread (disambiguation). Unleavened breadJewish matza eaten on PassoverTypeBread (usually flat bread)VariationsMatzo, roti, tortilla, and many others Unleavened bread is any of a wide variety of breads which are prepared without using rising agents such as yeast or sodium bicarbonate. The preparation of bread-like non-leavened cooked grain foods appeared in prehistoric times. Unleaven...

 

الدوري النرويجي الممتاز للسيدات 2019

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (يونيو 2020) الدوري النرويجي الممتاز للسيدات 2019 تفاصيل الموسم الدوري النرويجي الممتاز للسيدات  [لغات أخرى]‏ ...

Rationing in the United States

Ration stamps printed, but not used, as a result of the 1973 oil crisis Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, or services, or an artificial restriction of demand. Rationing controls the size of the ration, which is one person's allotted portion of the resources being distributed on a particular day or at a particular time. Rationing in the United States was introduced in stages during World War II, with the last of the restrictions ending in June 1947.[1 ...

 

Missé

MisséMissé Lokasi di Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine Missé Koordinat: 46°56′58″N 0°11′27″W / 46.9494°N 0.1908°W / 46.9494; -0.1908NegaraPrancisRegionNouvelle-AquitaineDepartemenDeux-SèvresArondisemenBressuireKantonThouars-1AntarkomuneThouarsaisPemerintahan • Wali kota (2008–2014) Christine Gorry-BardotLuas • Land112,34 km2 (476 sq mi) • Populasi2877 • Kepadatan Populasi20,71/km2 (1,8/sq mi)...

 

مبنى بلدية سانت وان (مترو باريس)

مبنى بلدية سانت وانMairie de Saint-Ouen (بالفرنسية) معلومات عامةالتقسيم الإداري سانت أوين سور سين البلد  فرنسا شبكة المواصلات مترو باريس المالك الهيئة المستقلة للنقل في باريس الإدارة الهيئة المستقلة للنقل في باريس الخطوط الخط 13 لمترو باريسالخط 14 لمترو باريس المحطات المجاورة كا�...

Stasiun Bungamas

Stasiun Bungamas Stasiun BungamasLokasiTanda Raja, Kikim Timur, Lahat, Sumatera Selatan 31452IndonesiaKoordinat3°42′12″S 103°22′05″E / 3.703355°S 103.368100°E / -3.703355; 103.368100Ketinggian+82 mOperator Kereta Api IndonesiaDivisi Regional III Palembang Letakkm 459+986 lintas Panjang–Tanjungkarang–Prabumulih–Lubuklinggau[1] Jumlah peronSatu peron pulau yang agak tinggiJumlah jalur2 (jalur 2: sepur lurus)LayananBukit Serelo (arah Lubuklinggau...

 

Santa Cruz del Valle Urbión

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Santa Cruz del Valle Urbión – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Municipality and town in Castile and León, SpainSanta Cruz del Valle UrbiónMunicipality and town Coat of armsCountrySpainAutono...