Gregor Wentzel

Gregor Wentzel
Gebore(1898-02-17)17 Februarie 1898
Sterf12 Augustus 1978 (op 80)
Ascona, Switserland
NasionaliteitDuits

Gregor Wentzel (17 Februarie 189812 Augustus 1978) was 'n Duitse fisikus wat bekend was vir die ontwikkeling van kwantummeganika. Wentzel, Hendrik Anthony Kramers, en Léon Brillouin het die Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin-benadering in 1926 ontwikkel. Gedurende sy vroeë jare dra hy by tot die daarstelling van die X-straal en die veld van spektroskopie, waarna hy hieropvolgend bydrae maak tot kwantummeganika, kwantumelektrodinamika en die meson-teorie.[1][2][3][4]

Lewe en opvoeding

Gregor Wentzel is gebore in Düsseldorf, Duitsland, as die eerste van vier kinders van Joseph en Anna Wentzel. Hy is in 1929 getroud met Anna "Anny" Pohlmann en sy enigste kind, Donat Wentzel, is in 1934 gebore. Die gesin verhuis in 1948 na die Verenigde State, totdat hy en Anna terugkeer na Ascona, Switserland in 1970.

Loopbaan

Wentzel se tersiêre opvoeding neem in 1916 'n aanvang aan die Universiteit van Freiburg. Gedurende 1917 en 1918 dien hy in die leër tydens die Eerste Wêreldoorlog. Daarna sit hy sy opvoeding voort aan Freiburg tot 1919, waarna hy na die Universiteit van Greifswald gaan. Hy gaan in 1920 na die Ludwig Maximilian-universiteit van München (LMU) om onder Arnold Sommerfeld te studeer. Wentzel verwerf in 1921 sy doktoraat.[5] Hy bly aan by LMU as 'n Privatdozent, totdat hy in 1926 'n betrekking kry aan die Universiteit van Leipzig as 'n buitengewone professor van wiskundige fisika. In 1926 ontwikkel Wentzel,[6] Hendrik Anthony Kramers,[7] en Léon Brillouin[8] op onafhanklike wyse wat weldra bekend sou staan as die Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin-benadering, en wat ook bekendstaan as die WKB-benadering, klassieke benadering, en fase integrale metode.[9]

Hy het ordinarius professor in die leerstoel vir teoretiese fisika aan die Universiteit van Zürich geword toe hy in 1928 vir Erwin Schrödinger opgevolg het, dieselfde jaar dat Wolfgang Pauli aangestel is by ETH Zurich. Wentzel en Pauli het saam Zürich se reputasie gebou as 'n middelpunt vir teoretiese fisika. In 1948 het Wentzel 'n professor geword aan die Universiteit van Chicago. Hy tree in 1970 af en spandeer sy laaste jare in Ascona, Switserland. In 1975 word die Max Planck Medalje aan hom toegeken.

Bibliografie

Boeke

  • Gregor Wentzel. Einführung in die Quantentheorie der Wellenfelder. Franz Deuticke, 1943, 1946. Ann Arbor, Michigan: J.w. Edwards, 1943, 1946. (Vertaal deur Charlotte Houtermans[10] en J. M. Jauch, met 'n Appendiks deur J. M. Jauch. Quantum Theory of Fields. Interscience, 1949. Dover, 2003.) ISBN 0-486-43245-9
  • Gregor Wentzel. Lectures on Strong Coupling Meson Theory at the University of Rochester. 1954.
  • Gregor Wentzel and notes by K. K. Gupta. Lectures on Special Topics in Field Theory. Lectures on Mathematics and Physics: Physics. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1957.
  • Gregor Wentzel. Lectures on Special Topics in Quantum Mechanics. Lectures on Mathematics and Physics. Physics, 3. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1965.

Artikels

  • Arnold Sommerfeld and Gregor Wentzel. Über reguläre und irreguläre Dublett, Zeitschrift für Physik 7 86–92 (1921) soos aangehaal in Sommerfeld Bibliografie.

Verwysings

  1. Mehra. Volume 1, Part 1, 2001, p. 356.
  2. Gregor Wentzel Geargiveer 9 November 2009 op Wayback Machine – ETH Bibliothek.
  3. Jungnickel. Volume 2, 1990, p. 368.
  4. Telegdi, V. L. (November 1978). "Obituary: Gregor Wentzel". Physics Today. 31 (11): 85–86. Bibcode:1978PhT....31k..85T. doi:10.1063/1.2994844. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 September 2013.
  5. Dissertation title: Zur Systematik der Röntgenspekten.
  6. Gregor Wentzel. Eine Verallgemeinerun der Quantenbedingungen für die Zwecke der Wellenmechanik, Z. Physik. 38 518–529 (1926). Soos aangehaal in Mehra, 2001, Volume 5, Part 2, p. 961.
  7. H. A. Kramers. Wellenmechanik und halbzahlige Quantisierung, Z. Physik. 39 828–840 (1926). Soos aangehaal in Mehra, 2001, Volume 5, Part 2, p. 920.
  8. Léon Brillouin. La mécanique ondulatoire de Schrödinger; une méthode générale de resolution par approximations successives, Comptes rendus (Paris) 183 24–26 (1926). Soos aangehaal in Mehra, 2001, Volume 5, Part 2, p. 882.
  9. Schiff. 1968, p. 269.
  10. Charlotte Houtermans née Riefenstahl was getroud met Fritz Houtermans.

Bronne

  • Jungnickel, Christa and Russell McCormmach. Intellectual Mastery of Nature. Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein, Volume 1: The Torch of Mathematics, 1800 to 1870. University of Chicago Press, paper cover, 1990. ISBN 0-226-41582-1
  • Jungnickel, Christa and Russell McCormmach. Intellectual Mastery of Nature. Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein, Volume 2: The Now Mighty Theoretical Physics, 1870 to 1925. University of Chicago Press, Paper cover, 1990. ISBN 0-226-41585-6
  • Mehra, Jagdish, and Helmut Rechenberg. The Historical Development of Quantum Theory. Volume 1 Part 1 The Quantum Theory of Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld 1900–1925: Its Foundation and the Rise of Its Difficulties. Springer, 2001. ISBN 0-387-95174-1
  • Mehra, Jagdish, and Helmut Rechenberg. The Historical Development of Quantum Theory. Volume 5 Erwin Schrödinger and the Rise of Wave Mechanics. Part 2 Schrödinger in Vienna and Zurich 1887–1925. Springer, 2001. ISBN 0-387-95180-6
  • Schiff, Leonard I. Quantum Mechanics. McGraw-Hill, 3rd edition, 1968.

Verdere leeswerk

  • Peter G. O. Freund, Charles J. Goebel, and Yoichiro Nambu, Editors. Quanta: Collection of Papers Dedicated to Gregor Wentzel. University of Chicago Press, 1970.

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