Endokriene stelsel

Endokriene stelsel
Inligting en eksterne bronne
Endokriene kliere in die menslike kop en nek, en hul hormone.
Endokriene kliere in die menslike kop en nek, en hul hormone.
Inligting
Latyn Systema endocrinum
Eksterne bronne
FMA 9668

Die endokriene stelsel is die versameling kliere van ’n organisme wat hormone direk in die bloedvatstelsel afskei sodat dit na afgeleë organe gestuur kan word. Die belangrikste endokriene kliere sluit in die pynappel-, skild-, byskild-, adrenalien- en pituïtêre kliere, die pankreas, eierstokke en testikels.

Werking

Die endokriene stelsel verskil van die eksokriene stelsel, wat hormone deur buise na buite die liggaam afskei. Dit is ’n inligtingseinstelsel soos die senuweestelsel, maar die meganisme en uitwerking daarvan verskil. Die endokriene stelsel se uitwerking word stadig geïnisieer en is langdurig, van ’n paar uur tot weke. Die senuweestelsel, daarenteen, stuur inligting baie vinnig en die reaksies is gewoonlik kortdurig. In gewerweldes is die hipotalamus die sentrale beheersentrum van alle endokriene stelsels.

Spesiale kenmerke van endokriene kliere is gewoonlik hul buislose aard, hul vaatrykheid en die teenwoordigheid van intrasellulêre holtes of korreltjies waarin die hormone geberg word. In teenstelling hiermee is eksokriene kliere, soos spoeg- en sweetkliere, minder vaatryk en het hulle buise.

Benewens die gespesialiseerde endokriene organe wat hierbo genoem is, het baie ander organe wat deel van ander liggaamstelsels is, soos die lewer, niere en hart, sekondêre endokriene funksies. So skei die niere endokriene hormone soos eritropoiëtien en renien af.

Die woord "endokrien" kom van die Griekse woorde ἐνδο- endo-, "binne", en κρίνειν krinein, "om te skei".

Eksterne skakels

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