Zindiq

Zindiq secara etimologi berarti "kotoran yang membahayakan".[1] Sedangkan menurut istilah ilmu fiqih atau hukum islam berarti seseorang yang tidak berpegang teguh terhadap agama.[2]

Menurut Imam Syafii, Imam Malik dan Imam Ahmad, Zindiq yaitu orang yang menampakan keislaman dan menyembunyikan kekafirannya.[3] Pada masa nabi Islam Muhammad, seseorang yang memiliki kepribadian seperti ini disebut orang Munafik.[3]

Asal

Kata zindiq merupakan sebuah kata serapan dari Bahasa Persia, yakni zind, yang kemudian diserp oleh Bahasa Arab pada masa Abbasiyah.[4] Istilah ini pertama kali terdengar atau diucapkan ketika penguasa Abbasiyah ketika itu mengeksekusi mati seorang pendakwah yang zindiq bernama Ja’ad bin Dirham.[4]

Golongan Zindiq

Menurut Ulama mazhab Hambali, terdapat lima golongan zindiq, yakni:

  1. Golongan Mu’aththilah (golongan yang mengingkari adanya Pencipta dan Pengatur alam semesta).[4]
  2. Golongan Manuwiyah (politeisme).[4]
  3. Golongan Mazdakiyah (sama dengan Manuwiyah, namun mengorganisir keyakinannya dalam sebuah kelompok agama baru).[4]
  4. Golongan Abdakiyah (kalangan zuhud yang hanya beribadah dan menolak syari’at).[4]
  5. Golongan Ruhaniyah (kalangan sufi yang menolak syari’at, menyatakan bahwa diri mereka telah menyatu dengan Tuhan sehingga syari’at tidak diperlukan).[4]

Referensi

  1. ^ "Zindiq". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-03-29. Diakses tanggal 2014-06-13. 
  2. ^ Dr.Sa’dy Abu Habib. al Qamus Al Fiqhi. 
  3. ^ a b "Zindiq dalam kamus Dr.Sa'dy Abu Habib". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-02-27. Diakses tanggal 2014-06-13. 
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "Zindiq itu apa?". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-07-16. Diakses tanggal 2014-06-13. 


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