Status Imperii

Peta Kekaisaran Romawi Suci pada tahun 1400

Status Imperii (bahasa Jerman: Reichsstand, jamak: Reichsstände) adalah wilayah Kekaisaran Romawi Suci yang memiliki perwakilan dan hak untuk bersuara di Dewan Kekaisaran (Reichstag). Penguasa wilayah tersebut juga memiliki status Reichsfreiheit, atau dalam kata lain mereka hanya tunduk kepada Kaisar Romawi Suci. Maka dari itu, mereka dapat memerintah wilayah mereka dengan otonomi yang cukup besar.

Sistem status imperii menggantikan sistem yang membagi Jerman menjadi beberapa kadipaten suku pada abad pertengahan awal. Sistem kadipaten suku dipertahankan sebagai sistem pembagian Jerman pada masa Dinasti Sali, tetapi sistem ini menjadi sistem yang ketinggalan zaman pada masa Wangsa Hohenstaufen dan pada akhirnya dihapuskan oleh Friedrich Barbarossa pada tahun 1180. Semenjak tahun 1489, status imperii di Dewan Kekaisaran dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu dewan pangeran-elektor (Kurfürstenkollegium/den Kurfürstenrat), dewan pangeran kekaisaran (Reichsfürstenrat) dan dewan kota kekaisaran. Graf dan bangsawan tidak diwakilkan langsung di Dewan Kekaisaran walaupun mereka memiliki status Reichsfreiheit, tetapi dikelompokkan ke dalam "kursi-kursi" (Grafenbänke) dan masing-masing memiliki satu suara. Sementara itu, ksatria kekaisaran memiliki status Reichsfreiheit tetapi sama sekali tidak terwakilkan di Dewan Kekaisaran.

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