Revolusi Diplomatik

Revolusi Diplomatik 1756 adalah suatu peristiwa yang terjadi setelah Perang Penerus Austria dan sebelum Perang Tujuh Tahun ketika sistem persekutuan tradisional di Eropa mengalami perubahan besar.^[1] Austria sebelumnya merupakan sekutu Britania Raya, tetapi kemudian memutuskan untuk bersekutu dengan Prancis, sementara posisi Austria sebagai sekutu Britania di daratan Eropa digantikan oleh Prusia.^[2] Tokoh yang menjadi dalang peristiwa ini adalah negarawan Austria Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz.^[3]

Persekutuan ini merupakan upaya untuk menjaga keseimbangan kekuasaan di Eropa. Namun, pada saat meletusnya Perang Tujuh Tahun, Britania dan Prusia berhasil mengalahkan Prancis dan Austria. Meskipun begitu, persekutuan Inggris-Prusia tidak bertahan lama karena Britania mencabut bantuan keuangan dan militer mereka kepada Prusia pada tahun 1762. Prusia lalu bersekutu dengan Rusia. Pembubaran persekutuan ini membuat Britania tidak memiliki sekutu pada masa Perang Revolusi Amerika.

Catatan kaki

^ D.B. Horn, "The Diplomatic Revolution" in J.O. Lindsay, ed., The New Cambridge Modern History vol. 7, The Old Regime: 1713–63 (1957): hlm. 449–64.
^ Jeremy Black, Essay and Reflection: On the 'Old System' and the Diplomatic Revolution' of the Eighteenth Century" International History Review (1990) 12#2 hlm. 301–323
^ Franz A.J. Szabo, "Prince Kaunitz and the Balance of Power." International History Review 1#3 (1979): 399–408. in JSTOR

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