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Raja Empat Penjuru Dunia (Sumeria: lugal-an-ub-da-limmu-ba,^[1] Akkadia: šarru kibrat 'arbaim,^[2] šar kibrāti arba'i,^[3] atau šar kibrāt erbetti^[4]), juga diterjemahkan menjadi Raja Empat Perempat Dunia, Raja Empat Penjuru Sorgawi atau Raja Empat Penjuru Semesta Alam^[5] dan sering kali disinglat Raja Empat Penjuru,^[3]^[6] adalah sebuah gelar prestise besar yang diklaim oleh para penguasa besar di Mesopotamia kuno. Walau istilah "empat penjuru dunia merujuk kepada tempat geografis spesifik di dalam dan di dekat Mesopotamia sendiri, tempat-tempat tersebut pada masa gelar tersebut mula-mula dipakai dianggap mewakili tempat yang berada di dekat tepian dunia yang sebenarnya dan sehingga. Gelar tersebut juga ditafsirkan setara dengan "Raja seluruh dunia yang diketahui", sebuah klaim kekuasaan universal atas seluruh dunia dan segala hal di dalamnya.

Referensi

Catatan

Kutipan

^ Maeda 1981, hlm. 4.
^ Levin 2002, hlm. 360.
^ ^a ^b Roaf & Zgoll 2001, hlm. 284.
^ Karlsson 2013, hlm. 135.
^ Raaflaub & Talbert 2010, hlm. 153.
^ Bachvarova 2012, hlm. 102.

Daftar pustaka

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Situs web

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