Perjanjian Imamat

Perjanjian Imamat (bahasa Ibrani: ברית הכהונהbrith ha-kehuna) adalah perjanjian alkitabiah yang Allah berikan kepada Harun dan keturunannya, keimaman Harun, seperti yang ditemukan dalam Alkitab Ibrani dan Taurat Lisan.[1]

Perjanjian ini digambarkan sebagai kekal dan secara Halakhik berlaku meskipun ada penghapusan "lima artikel kehormatan" (lihat Talmud Yerusalem untuk Sotah 35b untuk daftar lengkap) sebelum kehancuran Bait suci Pertama, dan kebanyakan tugas imamat, termasuk Korban persembahan - dengan kehancuran Bait Kedua.

Dalam Taurat, perjanjian ini dibandingkan dengan garam dan disebut "perjanjian garam selamanya" [2] (bahasa ibrani brith melach olam ברית מלח עולם), atau "undang-undang selama-lamanya" (ibrani chukat olam").[3] Dalam sumber-sumber Midras, Perjanjian Imamat adalah salah satu dari lima perjanjian-perjanjian abadi.[4]

Alkitab Ibrani

Imam dalam Kejadian

Orang pertama yang tercantum dalam Alkitab Ibrani sebagai "imam" (ibrani kohen) adalah Melkisedek. Sastra Midrashik merinci bahwa karena Melkisedek disebut sebelum pemberian nama Abraham kepada Allah, imamat diambil darinya dan diberikan kepada Abraham [5] yang diteruskan ke anaknya Ishak yang pada gilirannya diteruskan ke anaknya Yakub.

Pemberkatan Lewi menjelang kematian Yakub

Maimonides, di dalam kompilasi Mishna Taurat, menjelaskan bahwa Yakub memisahkan anaknya Levi dari putranya yang lain dan dia diangkat untuk mengajar dan mengajar cara-cara pelayanan kepada Allah, secara khusus dengan metode yang digunakan oleh nenek moyangnya Abraham, kepada saudara-saudaranya. Dia juga memerintahkan anak-anaknya untuk melanggengkan status ini dari suku Lewi untuk selama-lamanya (Maimonides, On Idolatry 1:15). Untuk pendahuluan pemilihan ini dapat melihat Targum Yonatan untuk Kejadian 32:25, dan Pirkei de-Rabbi Eliezer bab 37. Dalam midrash tertulis bahwa Amram putra Kehat anak Lewi adalah pemimpin spiritual dari anak-anak Yakub selama mereka di Mesir Bonadage. Setelah kematiannya, jabatannya diasumsikan oleh anak sulungnya Harun.

Kitab Keluaran

Pada waktu pendirian Kemah Suci, Allah memerintahkan Musa untuk mengangkat Harun dan putra-putranya sebagai imam-imam sesuai pra-kondisi kemunculan kemuliaan shekhinah Allah pada bangsa Israel:

Aku akan menguduskan Kemah Pertemuan dan mezbah itu, lalu Harun dan anak-anaknya akan Kukuduskan supaya mereka memegang jabatan imam bagi-Ku. Aku akan diam di tengah-tengah orang Israel dan Aku akan menjadi Allah mereka. Maka mereka akan mengetahui, bahwa Akulah, TUHAN, Allah mereka, yang telah membawa mereka keluar dari tanah Mesir, supaya Aku diam di tengah-tengah mereka; Akulah TUHAN, Allah mereka."

— Keluaran 29:44-46

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Qumran and Jerusalem: Studies in the Dead Sea scrolls p248 Lawrence H. Schiffman - 2010 This priestly covenant is also echoed in the poem in 1QM 17:2-3 that re- fers to the eternal priestly covenant. ... Num 18:19).57 That the priestly “covenant of salt,”a biblical expression denoting a permanent covenant,58 is to be ...
  2. ^ Numbers 18:19
  3. ^ (Exodus 29:9, 1 Chronicles 23:13)
  4. ^ Midrash ha-Gadol Medrash HaNe'elam to Zohar Chadash p. 4b
  5. ^ Leviticus Rabbah maintains that God intended to permanently bring forth the priesthood (Hebrew kehuna) through Melchizedek’s patrilineal descendants, but since Melchizedek preceded Abram's blessing to that of God,(in Kejadian 14:19–20, a precedence not befitting a priest who is to be of total service to God (Eitz Yosef to Leviticus Rabbah 25:6) God instead chose to bring the priesthood ("kehuna") forth from Abram’s descendants (Rabbi Zechariah, quoting Rabbi Ishmael; Leviticus Rabbah 25:6, Babylonian Talmud to Nedarim 32b. Zohar vol. 1 p. 86b.) As the text states in regard to Melchizedek "and he is a priest" (Hebrew; "והוא כהן" Kejadian 14) meaning himself in the exclusive sense and not his patrilineal descendants.(Ohr HaChayim to Genesis 14:18 (first explanation). Eitz Yosef commentary to Leviticus Rabbah 25:6. Zohar vol. 1 p. 86b) Chaim ibn Attar says that God was not angered by Melchizedek's preceding Abram's blessing to that of God, since Abram was rightfully deemed worthy of precedence for independently coming to recognize God amidst a world of paganism, but Melchizedek willingly gave the priesthood to Abram upon recognizing his outstanding uniqueness and G-dly character traits (Ohr HaChaim to Genesis 14:18)

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