Penebar taburan

Penebar taburan (broadcast spreader) adalah alat dan mesin pertanian yang digunakan untuk menebar benih, kapur, pupuk, pasir, zat antibeku untuk melelehkan salju, dan sebagainya.^[1]

Jenis

Penebar taburan memiliki ukuran yang bervariasi. Ukuran terkecil dapat digerakkan oleh tangan, di mana hoppernya mampu menampung beberapa liter saja. Pengoperasian mekanisme penebar dilakukan tuas yang ada pada pegangan. Model yang lebih besar memerlukan tenaga untuk menariknya, yang biasanya ditarik oleh traktor. Mekanisme penyebarannya memanfaatkan energi dari roda penebar taburan yang ditransmisikan. Pada model yang lebih besar, mekanisme penyebarannya menggunakan tenaga dari traktor yang ditransmisikan melalui poros power take-off.^[2]^[3]

Secara umum, penebar taburan dapat dibagi menjadi beberapa jenis:

Penebar kotoran (manure spreader) menebar kotoran hewan di lahan sawah dan lahan kering.^[4]
Penebar benih (broadcast seeder) yang dikhususkan untuk menebar benih. Ukuran celah pada hopper dan sirip pelempar dapat bervariasi bergantung pada ukuran benih.^[5]
Penebar pupuk (broadcast fertilizer, fertilizer spreader) yang dikhususkan untuk menebar pupuk kimia. Bahan yang digunakan untuk mengkonstruksi penebar pupuk dikhususkan memiliki sifat tahan karat karena beberapa jenis pupuk kimia dapat bersifat korosif terhadap logam.^[6]

Cara kerja

Konsep dasar pengoperasian penebar benih cukup sederhana. Bahan ditempatkan di hopper dan diposisikan di atas cakram pemutar horisontal. Cakramnya memiliki tiga hingga empat sirip yang terpasang untuk melempar butiran yang jatuh dari hopper.^[7] Hopper umumnya terbuat dari plastik, baja, atau baja tahan karat. Penggunaan baja tahan karat diperlukan ketika pupuk yang digunakan bersifat korosif dan mampu merusak plastik.

Mekanisme lainnya adalah dengan memanfaatkan pergerakan rotor horisontal yang memiliki banyak jari. Jari-jari tersebut "memukul" bahan curah hingga terlempar ke belakang hopper. Mekanisme ini umumnya digunakan di penebar kotoran ternak.

Galeri

Penebar taburan yang didorong oleh tangan
Penebar taburan yang ditarik ATV
Penebar benih rumput
Penebar taburan menebar zat anti beku untuk melelehkan salju di lahan pertanian
Rotor penebar taburan

Lihat pula

Daftar alat dan mesin pertanian

Referensi

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Broadcast spreaders.

^ How to Use a Broadcast Spreader. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
^ New Leader broadcast spreader
^ BBI Fertilizer and Lime Spreaders
^ "Alat Penebar Pupuk Organik (Manure Spreader)". litbang deptan. Diakses tanggal 9 Oktober 2013. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
^ H. J. Hopfen (1981). Farm Implements for Arid and Tropical Regions. Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 9789251015278.
^ Western Plant Health Association (2010). Western Fertilizer Handbook: Ninth Edition. Waveland Press. ISBN 1478610581, 9781478610588 Periksa nilai: invalid character |isbn= (bantuan).
^ 3 Types of Fertilizer Spreaders. Retrieved July 14, 2011.

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