Artatama I

Artatama I (bahasa Sanskerta: Ṛta-dhaman, "tempat tinggalnya adalah Ṛta")[1] merupakan seorang raja Hurri kerajaan Mitanni[2] pada akhir abad kelima belas SM. Pemerintahannya bertepatan dengan masa pemerintahan firaun Mesir Amenhotep II dan Thutmose IV.

Sedikit yang diketahui tentang raja ini yang tidak meninggalkan prasasti apapun. Artatama disebut dalam surat Amarna sebagai leluhur yang membentuk aliansi dengan Thutmose IV di Mesir. Menurut interpretasi modern tentang sumber-sumber yang langka, Artatama mulai berkuasa saat kerajaan Mitanni dilemahkan dengan sangat parah oleh invasi bangsa Het.[3] Menghadapi bahaya perang melawan dua front, bangsa Het di utara dan Mesir di selatan, Artatama mendekati Amenhotep II dengan tawaran pembagian damai dari tanah yang diperebutkan di Suriah. Resolusi damai sebuah konflik lama dapat tumbuh menjadi aliansi politik dan militer, tetapi bangsa Mesir mencurigai permainan kotor dan menolak jawaban pasti selama bertahun-tahun.[4] Di satu titik pada masa pemerintahan Thutmose IV mereka mengusulkan sebuah pernikahan antara putri Thutmose dan Artatama, tetapi untuk alasan yang tidak diketahui Artatama menolak tawaran tersebut.[5] Bangsa Mesir harus membuat tujuh proposal pernikahan berturut-turut sebelum akhirnya Artatama setuju. Dengan demikian, Artatama mungkin telah menjadi ayahanda Ratu Mutemwiya dan kakek Amenhotep III. Artatama digantikan oleh putranya Suttarna II.

Catatan

  1. ^ Mario Liverani (2014). The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Routledge.  Text 16.1
  2. ^ "Mitanni". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008.Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 9 June 2008
  3. ^ Bryce, p. 144.
  4. ^ Bryce, pp. 144-145.
  5. ^ Bryce, p. 145.

Sumber

Didahului oleh:
Saustatar 		Raja Mitanni
akhir abad ke-15 SM 		Diteruskan oleh:
Suttarna II

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