菲律宾火山地震研究所地震烈度表

菲律宾火山地震研究所地震烈度表(PEIS)菲律賓火山暨地震研究所(PHIVOLCS)用于评估与表示地震烈度的度量。

发展历史

它是由于1990年吕宋地震的发生而开发的。各国的地理位置的差异以及其他的“地质方面的考虑”推动了菲律宾火山地震研究所对该地震烈度表的开发。该地震烈度由地震时地面建筑物受破坏的程度、地形地貌改变、人的感觉等宏观现象来判定。[1]

菲律宾火山地震研究所地震烈度表于1996年在菲律宾采用,并取代了罗西–福雷尔地震烈度表[2]

烈度分级

菲律宾火山地震研究所地震烈度表有12个强度等级,用罗马数字表示:[2][3]

I.几乎无感 在静止的情况下,极少部分人有感觉,悬挂的物体轻微摆动,容器中的水轻微振荡。
II.轻微震颤 少部分室内的人感觉到震动,悬挂的物体轻微摆动,容器中的水明显振荡。
III.普遍有感 室内的人会感觉到摇晃,高层的震感强烈。有中等强度的震荡。家中饰物摇晃,但不对建筑物造成破坏。
IV.摇晃 所有人都有感觉;睡者惊醒,牲畜不宁,摆钟停摆,重心不稳的物件可能倾倒。容器中的水剧烈振荡,有时可能听到隆隆声。
V.强烈的摇晃 许多人慌张逃跑,走路摇晃;玻璃破碎,书籍或摆设从书架掉下,家具移动或倾倒,破坏轻微。
VI.破坏 大多数人害怕并试图逃出室内。家具移位,可能倾倒。物体从架子上掉下来,水从容器中溅出。旧建筑严重破坏,砖石烟囱倒塌。会造成小规模滑坡。
VII.毁坏 堤坝、鱼塘、路面或混凝土墙上可能会出现一些裂缝。重型家具偏移。未周密考虑抵抗外力的建筑物遭受损坏,部分损毁。会造成土壤液化.
VIII.严重毁坏 居民普遍恐慌。对构造良好的建筑造成重大损害。地下管线破裂,地面破裂。会造成大规模山体滑坡。
IX.灾难性的毁灭 只有少数建筑物尚未倒塌。会造成大规模的山体滑坡。水体可能会被覆盖,导致周围地区泛滥,形成堰塞湖
X.山河改观 天崩地裂,所有建筑物遭受毁灭性破坏。观察到大规模的滑坡和土壤液化。树木倒塌或连根拔起。地貌有极大改动,河流变道,会造成海啸

参考资料

  1. ^ ‘Shaking Table’ at Phivolcs helps Pinoys prepare for quakes. GMA News. 20 January 2010 [12 February 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-13). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Making sense of the PHIVOLCS earthquake intensity levels. Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. [12 February 2017]. (原始内容存档于14 October 2016). 
  3. ^ 菲律宾火山地震研究所地震烈度表说明. 菲律宾火山地震研究所. [2008-05-09]. (原始内容存档于2008-09-30). 

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