肱骨外上髁炎

肱骨外上髁炎
网球肘患者手掌朝下提东西時,会造成肘关节疼痛
类型职业病elbow tendinopathy[*]
风险因素吸煙
分类和外部资源
醫學專科復健醫學
ICD-11FB55.1
ICD-10M77.1
ICD-9-CM726.32
DiseasesDB12950
MedlinePlus000449
eMedicineorthoped/510 pmr/64 sports/59
MeSHD013716
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

肱骨外上髁炎,俗称网球肘,是一种肱骨外髁突附近(肘关节外侧)酸痛的症状。

病因

前臂伸肌肌腱在抓握东西(如网球拍)时收缩、紧张,过多使用这些肌肉会造成这些肌肉起点的肌腱变性、退化和撕裂,即通常说的网球肘。 病因主要是肘关节使用过度导致关节损伤。除去网球,其他过量运动也可导致该病,如游泳、攀爬、反覆的工作、弹吉他。肘关节创伤也可能发展为网球肘,因此“於過度使用或創傷造成伸腕肌腱源頭的微小破裂及發炎[1]”应该是网球肘的根本原因。

诊断

患者手肘外側上髁被压迫时会有局部的疼痛,手臂弯曲时用力伸直也会有痛感。X射线投射和核磁共振检查都可以帮助诊断,排除其他可能,如神經壓迫。同时应根据患者病史综合判断。[1]

治疗

一般的网球肘的治疗可让关节通过休息恢复。初期应尽量停止该关节运动,避免手掌朝下提东西,避免拧瓶盖、炒菜。休息时应侧卧,可口服阿司匹林或Voren(NSAID類)来减轻肌腱炎症。類固醇的局部注射也可帮助肌腱恢复。佩戴前臂护具也可减少受损肌腱的负担。注意护具要戴在前臂而非肘部。[1]

大多数不需要进行手术,若长期疼痛经休息治疗仍不见好转可考虑进行手术,切除肌腱退化的部分,将肌腱缝合,并去除突出的多余的骨骼。 在运动和工作过程中也应该多次休息。[1]

预防

避免关节过度使用,运动前要充分做好拉伸关节的活动,运动中要多次休息。各种运动时都要坚持正确的姿势。[1]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 網球肘(肱骨外上髁炎). [2013-06-09]. (原始内容存档于2019-08-31). 

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