第39号交响曲 (莫扎特)

降E大調第39号交响曲,作品號K. 543,是沃夫岡·阿瑪迪斯·莫札特创作的一首交响曲,于1788年6月26日完成。

创作背景

第39号交响曲是莫扎特在1788年夏天创作的一組三首交响曲中第一首的曲目。另外两首为第40号交响曲第41号交响曲,分别于7月25日和8月10日完成。本曲有着宏大的前奏卻沒有尾聲,故奧地利指揮家尼古勞斯·哈農庫特認爲莫札特將這三首交響曲作爲一個整體寫就,看法受到許多指揮者的認同,也在音樂會現場及商業錄音中安排三首交響曲連續演出,以為呼應[1]。另外,他在創作本曲時可能以同調性的米歇爾·海頓第26號交響曲爲藍本[2]

分析

配器

依照工具書《管弦樂作品手冊》指示,上述之配器可簡記為"1 0 2 2—2 2 0 0—tmp—str"[3]

結構

本首交響曲共有4個樂章:

第一樂章

慢板–快板(Adagio–Allegro)
樂曲的一開始,是開朗而緩慢的序奏,由定音鼓奏出主要節奏,小提琴則以下行音階對唱之。之後則是長笛和小提琴的對話。序奏逐漸靜下後,則近快版3拍子的奏鳴曲式。

第二樂章

稍快的行板(Andante con moto)
慢速度的抒情樂章,整個樂章具有鮮明對比的色彩。

第三樂章

小步舞曲:稍快板(Menuetto: Allegretto)
典型的古典主義小步舞曲,是一個充滿活力的樂章。

第四樂章

終曲:快板(Finale: Allegro)
第四樂章是快板的終樂章,典型的莫札特活潑風格,加上大量的快速音群,往往讓聽眾難忘不已。

參考文獻

參照
  1. ^ Clements, Andrew. Mozart: The Last Symphonies review – a thrilling journey through a tantalising new theory. The Guardian. 23 July 2014 [2020-08-18]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-24). 
  2. ^ Alfred Einstein. Mozart, His Character, His Work. Oxford University Press. 1945: 127. 
  3. ^ Daniels, David. ORCHESTRAL MUSIC: A Handbook. 3rd ed. Lanham: Scarecrow Press, Inc. 1996: 293. ISBN 0-8108-3228-3. 

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