硝呋莫司

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硝呋莫司
臨床資料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）Lampit[1]
其他名稱Bayer 2502[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex详细消费者药物信息
懷孕分級
  • Undetermined
给药途径口服給藥
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
  • 处方药（℞-only）
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度Low
药物代谢肝臟（CYP參與代謝）
生物半衰期2.95 ± 1.19 小時
排泄途徑腎代謝：非常低
识别信息
  • N-(3-Methyl-1,1-dioxido-4-thiomorpholinyl)-1-(5-nitro-2-furyl)methanimine
CAS号23256-30-6  checkY
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.041.377 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C10H13N3O5S
摩尔质量287.293 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））
手性外消旋混合物
熔点180至182 °C（356至360 °F）
  • O=S2(=O)CC(N(N=Cc1oc([N+]([O-])=O)cc1)CC2)C
  • InChI=1S/C10H13N3O5S/c1-8-7-19(16,17)5-4-12(8)11-6-9-2-3-10(18-9)13(14)15/h2-3,6,8H,4-5,7H2,1H3 checkY
  • Key:ARFHIAQFJWUCFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

硝呋莫司（Nifurtimox）是用於治療恰加斯病及非洲人類錐蟲病的藥物[1][2]。此外，此藥也可與依氟鳥氨酸（eflornithine）共同使用在治療睡眠障礙患者的硝呋莫司-依氟鳥氨酸療程（英语：nifurtimox-eflornithine combination treatment）中[2]。在治療恰加斯病時，苯乙硝唑（英语：benznidazole）是首選藥物，本品則屬第二線治療藥物[3]。此藥是以口服方式給予[1]。

常見副作用包括有腹痛、頭痛、噁心及體重減輕[1]。在動物試驗中發現可能會提高癌症的風險，但在人類試驗中沒有出現這樣的問題[3]。孕婦或是有明顯腎臟及肝臟疾病的患者，不建議使用本品[3]。此藥物是一種硝基呋喃[3]。

硝呋莫司在1965年開始用在醫藥上[3]。本品列名於世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单中，是醫療系統中有效且安全的藥物之一[2]。此藥物不在美國及加拿大販售[1]，美国疾病控制与预防中心可以提供此藥物[4]。2013年一個療程的藥費約為20美金[5]。世界衛生組織會免費提供藥物給恰加斯病及非洲人类锥虫病的流行地區[6]。

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Nifurtimox (Systemic). Drugs.com. 1995 [3 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于20 December 2016）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Bern, Caryn; Montgomery, Susan P.; Herwaldt, Barbara L.; Rassi, Anis; Marin-Neto, Jose Antonio; Dantas, Roberto O.; Maguire, James H.; Acquatella, Harry; Morillo, Carlos. Evaluation and Treatment of Chagas Disease in the United States. JAMA. 2007-11-14, 298 (18): 2171–81. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 18000201. doi:10.1001/jama.298.18.2171. 
  4. ^ Prevention, CDC - Centers for Disease Control and. CDC - Chagas Disease - Resources for Health Professionals - Antiparasitic Treatment. www.cdc.gov. [2016-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-06）. 
  5. ^ Dumas, Michel; Bouteille, Bernard; Buguet, Alain. Progress in Human African Trypanosomiasis, Sleeping Sickness. Springer Science & Business Media. 2013: 268. ISBN 9782817808574. （原始内容存档于2016-12-20） （英语）. 
  6. ^ Trypanosomiasis, human African (sleeping sickness). World Health Organization. February 2016 [7 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于4 December 2016）. 

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