望夷宫之变

望夷宫之变,又称望夷之祸[1],是秦朝末年丞相赵高与女婿阎乐等合谋,逼迫秦二世自刎望夷宫的事件。

背景

秦二世三年(前207年)冬,赵高杀丞相李斯。同年夏,秦军将领章邯在军事上接连失利。赵高数次派人责备章邯,章邯害怕,派长史司马欣求见赵高,为赵高所拒。司马欣逃归章邯,对章邯说“赵高用事于中,将军有功亦诛,无功亦诛”。而楚军将领项羽急攻秦军,虏王离,不久章邯被迫降楚。

而之前,赵高多次对秦二世言“關東盜毋能為也”。及項羽虜秦將王離等鉅鹿下而并继续进军,章邯数次战败向朝廷求助皆为其所拒。如山东六国皆纷纷复国,关东之地尽皆叛秦以应诸侯。赵高对此非常惶恐,担心秦二世知道这些实情。于是赵高就想发动叛乱,但他不知道朝廷官员的想法。于是在秦二世三年八月已亥,赵高策划了“指鹿为马”事件,大肆清除异己。而与此同时,楚将沛公刘邦亦攻入武关,并派人私下会见赵高。赵高担心事发,决定先下手为强,除掉秦二世,自立为王。

经过

赵高先是称病不朝。而秦二世有次梦中梦见一只白虎吃掉了自己的左骖马,对此感到很恶心。经过占卜,说是“泾水作怪”,于是秦二世斋于望夷宫(遗址位于今咸阳市泾阳县蒋刘乡[2]),想要祭祀泾水水神,并沉四白马。秦二世还使人责问赵高关东“盗贼”之事。赵高恐,于是与他的女婿咸阳令阎乐、弟弟赵成密谋:“上不聽諫,今事急,欲歸禍於吾宗。吾欲易置上,更立公子嬰。子嬰仁儉,百姓皆載其言”。

于是以郎中令赵成为内应,诈称有敌情,令阎乐召发士卒,并把阎乐的母亲劫至赵高的府邸。阎乐率千余士卒攻至望夷宫殿门,捉住了卫令仆射并说道“贼人到,何不止”。卫令说:“宫卫守护甚严,贼怎么敢入宫?”阎乐杀卫令,直入宫中。宫中的太监、郎官见到后纷纷避走,也有上前与之格斗,结果被杀死的有几十人。阎乐与郎中令进入二世寝宫,秦二世想召唤左右,结果仅有一小太监在。秦二世责怪太监为何不早通报现在的状况,太监说:“我能活到现在就是因为什么也不敢说,假如我早说了,哪能活到现在?”

阎乐来到秦二世面前,历数秦二世之罪状。秦二世说想见一下丞相赵高,阎乐说不可以;秦二世又请求退位做个郡王,阎乐不同意;秦二世退一步说想做个万户列侯,阎乐仍不答应;最后秦二世绝望的乞求想和那些公子们一样,与妻子儿女成为平民百姓。阎乐说:“我受命于丞相,替天下百姓处死你,虽然你说了很多话,我不敢向丞相报告。”,秦二世隨後便自殺了。[3]

注释

  1. ^ 三国志 魏书六 董二袁刘传第六》(晋陈寿撰,宋裴松之注)先是,太祖遣刘备诣徐州拒袁术。术死......魏氏春秋载绍檄州郡文曰:“盖闻明主图危以制变,忠臣虑难以立权。曩者强秦弱主,赵高执柄,专制朝命,威福由己,终有望夷之祸,污辱至今。
  2. ^ 泾阳县文物保护单位保护范围. 泾阳县人民政府网站,来源:泾阳县文物旅游局. 2011-08-08 [2012-04-13]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-09) (简体中文). 
  3. ^ 史記卷六·秦始皇本紀》:「閻樂前即二世數曰:「足下驕恣,誅殺無道,天下共畔足下,足下其自為計。」二世曰:「丞相可得見否?」樂曰:「不可。」二世曰:「吾願得一郡為王。」弗許。又曰:「願為萬戶侯。」弗許。曰:「願與妻子為黔首,比諸公子。」閻樂曰:「臣受命於丞相,為天下誅足下,足下雖多言,臣不敢報。」麾其兵進。二世自殺。」

参考资料

  • 史记 秦始皇本纪第六》

Read other articles:

Kampus Utama Institut Teknologi BandungKampus ITB dilihat dari Taman Ganesha (masa kolonial)Nama sebelumnyaTechnische Hoogeschool te BandoengNama lainKampus GaneshaOn-G campusInformasi umumAlamatJl. Ganeća 10KotaBandungNegaraIndonesiaKoordinat6°53′27.25″LS,107°36′37.36″BT[note 1]Ketinggian775 m (2.543 ft)[note 1]Peletakan batu pertama4 Juli 1919Mulai dibangun1919Dibuka3 Juli 1920Diresmikan3 Juli 1920PemilikKemenristekdiktiTuan tanahDirektorat Pengembangan,...

Skadron Udara 51Lanud SupadioBerkas:Lambang Skuadron51.gifLambang Satuan Skadud 51Dibentuk13 Juli 2015NegaraIndonesiaCabang TNI Angkatan UdaraTipe unitKomando Tempur UdaraBagian dariWing Udara 7MarkasLanud Supadio, Kubu RayaJulukanSkadud 51MotoJaya Sakti AngkasaMaskotBurung EnggangUlang tahun13 JuliSitus webwww.tni-au.mil.id Skadron Udara 51 adalah sebuah skuadron udara dari TNI Angkatan Udara dibawah kendali Wing Udara 7, yang berbasis di Lanud Supadio, Pontianak. Saat ini skadron ini dileng...

Hungarian soldier (1820–1892) The native form of this personal name is Klapka György. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals. GeneralGyörgy KlapkaGyörgy KlapkaMinister of War (deputy of Artúr Görgei)In office7 May 1849 – 21 May 1849Prime MinisterBertalan SzemerePreceded byLázár MészárosSucceeded byLajos Aulich Personal detailsBornGyörgy Klapka(1820-04-06)6 April 1820Temesvár, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire(today Timișoara, Romania)Di...

American teacher, and writer; widow of Bruce Lee Linda Lee CadwellLee in 1998BornLinda Emery (1945-03-21) March 21, 1945 (age 78)Everett, Washington, U.S.Other namesLinda LeeAlma materUniversity of WashingtonOccupation(s)Teacher, martial artist, writerYears active1964–2001Notable workBruce Lee: The Man Only I Knew (1975) The Bruce Lee Story (1989)Spouses Bruce Lee ​ ​(m. 1964; died 1973)​ Tom Bleecker ​ ​...

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Suzhou (homonymie). Suzhou 苏州市 Administration Pays Chine Province ou région autonome Jiangsu Statut administratif Ville-préfecture Secrétaire du PCC Zhou Naixiang (en) (depuis janvier 2016) Code postal Ville : 215000[1] Code aéroport SZV Indicatif +86 (0)0512[1] Immatriculation 苏E Démographie 12 748 262 hab. (2018) Densité 7 728 hab./km2 Population de l'agglomération 4 330 000 hab. Géographie Coordonn

  ميّز عن يهوآحاز ملك يهوذا. يهوآحاز ملك إسرائيل   معلومات شخصية تاريخ الميلاد القرن 9 ق.م  تاريخ الوفاة سنة 798 ق م[1]  مواطنة مملكة إسرائيل  الأولاد يوآش ملك إسرائيل  الأب ياهو ملك إسرائيل  الحياة العملية المهنة عاهل  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   يهوآحاز مل

جهاز عصبي ودي الاسم العلميSympathetic Nervous System مخطط يوضح الجهاز العصبي الودي والحبل الودي والأعضاء التي يصلها تفاصيل نوع من جهاز عصبي،  وكيان تشريحي معين  [لغات أخرى]‏  جزء من جهاز عصبي ذاتي  ترمينولوجيا أناتوميكا 14.3.01.001   FMA 9906  UBERON ID 0000013  ن.ف.م.ط. [1] ن.ف.م.ط. D01...

بائعو لوبيا بالقرب من تييس، السنغال. الزراعة هي أحد الأجزاء المهيمنة في اقتصاد السنغال، على الرغم من أن السنغال تقع داخل منطقة الساحل المعرضة للجفاف. يعمل في الزراعة حوالي 75 في المائة من القوة العاملة. وعلى الرغم من التنوع الكبير نسبيًا في الإنتاج الزراعي، فإن غالبية المزار

Discontinuous series of North American mountain ranges with distinct geological origin Location of the Rocky Mountains in western North America The geology of the Rocky Mountains is that of a discontinuous series of mountain ranges with distinct geological origins. Collectively these make up the Rocky Mountains, a mountain system that stretches from Northern British Columbia through central New Mexico and which is part of the great mountain system known as the North American Cordillera. The r...

2019 Central American Cricket Championship (Men)Dates25 – 28 April 2019Cricket formatTwenty20 InternationalTournament format(s)Round Robin, FinalHost(s) MexicoChampions BelizeRunners-up MCCParticipants5Matches11Most runs Yusuf Ebrahim (145)Most wickets Aaron Muslar (13)2020 → The 2019 Central American Cricket Championship was a cricket tournament held in Mexico from 25 to 28 April 2019. It was the seventh edition of the Central American Championship and the first since the I...

American politician (born 1967) For other politicians with similar names, see Michael Collins (disambiguation). Mike CollinsMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Georgia's 10th districtIncumbentAssumed office January 3, 2023Preceded byJody Hice Personal detailsBorn (1967-07-02) July 2, 1967 (age 56)Jackson, Georgia, U.S.Political partyRepublicanSpouseLeigh Ann CollinsChildren3RelativesMac Collins (father)EducationGeorgia State University (BA)WebsiteHouse website...

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с такой фамилией, см. Жданов; Жданов, Леонид. Леонид Иванович Жданов Дата рождения 18 февраля 1938(1938-02-18) (85 лет) Место рождения д. Маркомусы, Плесецкий район, Архангельская область  Принадлежность  СССР Россия Род войск ВМФ С...

Spanish footballer In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is García and the second or maternal family name is Guerrero. Javi Guerrero Guerrero training with Las Palmas in 2009Personal informationFull name Francisco Javier García Guerrero[1]Date of birth (1976-10-22) 22 October 1976 (age 47)[1]Place of birth Madrid, SpainHeight 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)[1]Position(s) StrikerYouth career Real MadridSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1...

Å

Å kan verwijzen naar: Aardrijkskunde Åfjord, een plaats en gemeente in de Noorse provincie Trøndelag die tot 1934 Å heette Å (Nordland), een plaats in de Noorse provincie Nordland Å (Zweden), een plaats in Zweden Alfabet Å (letter), de letter Å Wetenschap het symbool voor de ångström, een eenheid van lengte Andere een zelfstandig naamwoord voor rivier in het Deens, Noors (Riksmål) en Zweeds Bekijk alle artikelen waarvan de titel begint met Å of met Å in de...

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Music for The Native Americans – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1994 soundtrack album by Robbie RobertsonMusic for The Native AmericansSoundtrack album by Robbie Robertso...

Underground newspaper For the London club nicknamed The Rag, see Army and Navy Club. This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The RagThe Rag coversTypeUndergroundFormatTabloidOwner(s)Staff-owned and -publishedEditor(Founding) Thorne Dreyer an...

History of plantations in the American South Stratford Hall is a classic example of Southern plantation architecture, built on an H-plan and completed in 1738 near Lerty, Virginia. The Seward Plantation is a historic Southern plantation-turned-ranch in Independence, Texas Plantation complexes were common on agricultural plantations in the Southern United States from the 17th into the 20th century. The complex included everything from the main residence down to the pens for livestock. Until th...

Ice hockey team in Phillip, Australian Capital TerritoryCanberra KnightsCityPhillip, Australian Capital TerritoryLeagueAustralian Ice Hockey LeagueEast Coast Super LeagueNSW SuperleagueFounded1981Operated1981–2014Home arenaPhillip Ice Skating CentreColoursTeal, Black, Silver and White        ChampionshipsECSL Championships1 (1998) The Canberra Knights were a semi-professional ice hockey team in the Australian Ice Hockey League (AIHL). The team played its home games at th...

Armenian government ministry Ministry of Defence of ArmeniaՀայաստանի պաշտպանության նախարարությունHayastani pashtpanut’yan nakhararut’yunFlag of the Ministry of DefenceSuren PapikyanAgency overviewFormed28 January 1992; 31 years ago (1992-01-28)JurisdictionGovernment of ArmeniaHeadquarters5 Bagrevand Street, 0044, Nor Nork District, Yerevan[1]Minister responsibleSuren Papikyan, Minister of DefenceAgency executivesArtak Davtyan, ...

Department of Colombia Department in Amazonía Region, ColombiaDepartment of Vaupes Departamento del VaupésDepartmentVaupés River FlagCoat of armsVaupés shown in redTopography of the departmentCoordinates: 1°12′N 70°10′W / 1.200°N 70.167°W / 1.200; -70.167Country ColombiaRegionAmazonía RegionEstablishedJuly 4, 1991CapitalMitúGovernment • GovernorJesús Maria Vásquez Caicedo (2016-2019)Area[1][2] • Total54,135&#...