普里耶涅的毕阿斯

代表毕阿斯的赫尔密斯方形石柱,現藏於梵蒂冈博物馆

普里耶涅的毕阿斯古希臘語Βίας ὁ Πριηνεύς),係古希腊智者,大约活跃于公元前六世纪,被广泛认为是古希腊七贤之一,以廉洁而主持正义闻名。

生平

毕阿斯生于普里耶涅,是透塔摩斯的儿子。[1]以其作为辩护人为他人捍卫权利而著称。[2]萊羅斯的德莫克多斯英语Demodocus of Leros曾表达这样的观点:“如果您是法官,请做出普里耶涅式的裁决”,而希波纳克斯说“在案件辩护方面要比普里耶涅的毕阿斯更有力。”[3]

畢阿斯一直被认为是古希腊七贤之一,并被梅薩納的狄凱阿科斯英语Dicaearchus狄凯尔库斯]]称为是四位被普遍授予称号之一,其余三人是泰勒斯庇塔库斯梭伦[4]逍遥学派的薩蒂克斯英语Satyrus the Peripatetic将他列为七贤之首[1]。曾讽刺过赫西奥德毕达哥拉斯赫拉克利特也称毕阿斯是「一个比任何人都更体贴的人。」[5] [6] 他传说中的一個善舉是曾为一些被俘的妇女支付赎金,将其作為自己的女儿教導,並協助她们回到故乡墨西拿,回到父母身边。[1]

按照传说,毕阿斯高龄时仍参加审判,在发表了自己的辩护词之后,他将头靠在了孙子身上。对面的辩护人发言后,法官决定支持毕阿斯的委托人,此时毕阿斯已然去世。[2] 城市为他举行了盛大的葬礼,并在他的墓碑上铭刻:[7]

普里耶涅的毕阿斯於此長眠,他的名字
使他的家族为全伊奧尼亞所知

著作

据说毕阿斯写过一篇两千行的诗歌,内容描述伊奧尼亞的兴起与繁荣。[7]

梵蒂冈胸像

1819年4月阿图尔·叔本华在他的旅行日记中写道:“在 梵蒂冈博物馆的哲学家大厅,有一座上面有铭文“大多数人都是坏人”的胸像,这一定是他的格言。”[8]

大航海时代

在光荣游戏《大航海时代IV PORTO ESTADO》中,通过组合毕阿斯的货币地图,可以找到东南亚的霸者之证。

註腳

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Diogenes Laërtius, i. 82
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Diogenes Laërtius,i。 84
  3. ^ Diogenes Laërtius, i. 84; Strabo xiv. 1. 12
  4. ^ Diogenes Laërtius, i. 41
  5. ^ Diogenes Laërtius, viii. 6, ix. 1
  6. ^ Diogenes Laërtius, i. 88
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Diogenes Laërtius, i. 85
  8. ^ Manuscript Remains, Volume 3, "Reisebuch," § 30

參考資料

延伸閱讀

  • Schopenhauer, Arthur. Manuscript Remains 3. Oxford: Berg Publishers. 1989. ISBN 0-85496-540-8. 

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