希维托–乔隆语系

希维托–乔隆语系
Cholónan
未定
地理分佈秘鲁
谱系学分类世界主要语系之一
分支
–
Glottologhibi1242[1]

已灭绝的希维托–乔隆语系语系下有秘鲁2种语言，希维托语和乔隆语，截至2000年 (2000-Missing required parameter 1=month!)均已灭绝。可能和已灭绝的丘尔语、查查波亚语有亲缘关系，但这些语言的记载都很少。

语言接触

Jolkesky (2016)注释道克丘亚语、阿劳坎语系、奇穆语、坎多什语、芒彻语和巴尔巴科语系因为语言接触所以词汇上有相似性。[2]

词汇

希维托语和乔隆语的部分基础词似乎有关，虽然相关记录非常缺乏。以下是用3种不同正字法拼写的乔隆语和希维托语比较证据：

gloss 树 水 女儿 儿子
乔隆 mech / meš cot / quõt / köta ñu / -ñu pul / -pul
希维托 mixs / mitš cachi / otšj ñoo pool

希维托和乔隆比较词表来自Loukotka (1949)：[3]:53-82

注释
  • (Sp.) =西班牙语借词(除外)
Loukotka (1949) —希维托所用文献
  • Martínez Compañón的手抄本，自16世纪from the 1700s
  • Tessmann (1930)[4]
Loukotka (1949) —乔隆所用文献
  • Mata (1748)[5]:690-750
  • Tessmann (1930)[4]
词义 希维托语 乔隆语 比较
动物 (Sp.) (Sp.)
树 mixs mees-ñgup
喝 vvik nig
天 puxam senta
心 thuo-suik aluñač
神 diosču (Sp.)
痛 kalak ysiam
水 kači kot Tessmann: oč, köta
星 kuičas ke-nak
女 etlek yla Tessmann: udú, hilá
火 ukče vet Tessmann: olmó, utmo
女儿 noo añu
儿子 pool apul
花 čukčum ñuñap
河 sekllutkači kot-ysokot
兄弟 moskaá azot Katakao: aszat = homme
果 llagna keniya
快乐 musugvem augilubaktam
草 kiak pullo
男 nuum num Tessmann: núm, lúno
月 kuiná peel Tessmann: winžö, pel
吃 lopkem amok
海 lapomkači sokotlol
母 keek appan
死了 huank mikol
死 kalgeskam ñgoli-čo
鸟 kumkoči zuksill
浪 omium ypixsimam
父 kotk appa
哭 atzakkem yo-yam
雨 laamčus llisiak
鱼 kazop asua
枝 mixnul pučup
统治 kollam časam
姐妹 moskaá akiñiu
太阳 ñim musak Tessmann: nim, mušápo
土地 kaloč lluspey
树干 sangoč sangoč
风 koktom mam
肉 amaá čep

参考

维基词典有词表：Appendix:Hibito-Cholon word lists
  1. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Hibito–Cholon. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016. 
  2. ^ Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery. Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas (学位论文) 2. Brasília: University of Brasília. 2016 [2021-05-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-18）. 
  3. ^ Loukotka, Čestmír. 1949. Sur Quelques Langues Inconnues de l'Amerique du Sud. Lingua Posnaniensis I
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Tessmann, Günter. 1930. Die Indianer Nordost-Perus: grundlegende Forschungen für eine systematische Kulturkunde. Hamburg: Friederichsen, de Gruyter.
  5. ^ Mata, Fr. Pedro de la. 1748. Arte de la lengua Cholona. Trujillo. Manuscript held at the British Museum in London. (Republished in Inca (1923), vol. 1. Lima.)

Template:南美洲语言

Read other articles:

National Review

Artikel ini mengenai majalah Amerika Serikat,untuk majalah Inggris, lihat National Review (London) National ReviewSampul National Review untuk 30 Agustus, 2010RedaksiRich LowryKategoriMajalah redaksi, konservatismeFrekuensiDua minggu sekaliTotal sirkulasi(2021)75,000[1]Terbitan pertama19 November 1955; 68 tahun lalu (1955-11-19)PerusahaanNational Review, Inc.NegaraAmerika SerikatBerpusat diKota New YorkBahasaInggrisSitus webnationalreview.comISSN0028-0038 William F. Buckley, Jr.,...

 

 

List of war deities

God of war and War gods redirect here. For other uses, see God of War (disambiguation) and War Gods (disambiguation). Ares, the Greek god of war Mars, the Roman god of war Sarutahiko. A war god in mythology associated with war, combat, or bloodshed. They occur commonly in polytheistic religions. Unlike most gods and goddesses in polytheistic religions, monotheistic deities have traditionally been portrayed in their mythologies as commanding war in order to spread religion. (The intimate conn...

 

 

Tomasz Hajto

Adam Nawałka Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Tomasz Nikodem HajtoTanggal lahir 16 Oktober 1972 (umur 51)Tempat lahir Maków Podhalański, PolandiaTinggi 189 m (620 ft 1 in)Posisi bermain BekKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1991–1993 Hutnik Kraków 32 (2)1993–1997 Górnik Zabrze 105 (8)1997–2000 MSV Duisburg 80 (8)2000–2004 Schalke 04 104 (6)2004–2005 1. FC Nürnberg 17 (0)2005–2006 Southampton 20 (0)2006 Derby County 5 (0)2006–2007 ŁKS Łódź 27 (1)2007�...

Maximus Inc.

Healthcare, governmental, and business services provider Maximus Inc.Company typePublicTraded asNYSE: MMSS&P 400 componentIndustryHealthcare, business servicesGovernment contractorFounded1975HeadquartersTysons, VirginiaAreas servedAustralia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States [1]Key peopleBruce Caswell (president and chief executive officer)David Mutryn (chief financial officer)Revenue $4.9 billion (2023)[1]Number of...

 

 

Samuel L. Sawyer

American politician For other people named Samuel Sawyer, see Samuel Sawyer (disambiguation). Samuel Locke SawyerMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Missouri's 8th districtIn officeMarch 4, 1879 – March 3, 1881Preceded byBenjamin Joseph FranklinSucceeded byRobert T. Van Horn Personal detailsBorn(1813-11-27)November 27, 1813Mont Vernon, New Hampshire, USDiedMarch 29, 1890(1890-03-29) (aged 76)Independence, Missouri, USPolitical partyDemocraticProfessionl...

 

 

Nepal–Tibet War (1855–1856)

Battle in Tibet won by Kingdom of Nepal For the earlier war that occurred in 1788–1792, see Sino-Nepalese War. Nepal–Tibet War (1855–1856)DateApril 1855 – March 1856LocationTibet, Qing EmpireResult Nepalese Victory Treaty of ThapathaliBelligerents Tibet  NepalCommanders and leaders Sethya Kaji Jang Bahadur RanaBam Bahadur KunwarDhir SumsherKrishna Dhoj KunwarPrithvi Dhoj KunwarStrength 98,000 34,906Casualties and losses 1,721 Tibetans 372 Nepalese The Nepal–Tibet War (Chinese&#...

Georges de Lydda

« Saint Georges » redirige ici. Pour les noms de lieu, voir Saint-Georges. Pour les saints, voir Saint Georges (homonymie). Georges de Lydda Saint chrétien Saint Georges et le dragonAnton Dominik Fernkorn, Zagreb, Croatie. Saint auxiliateur, mégalomartyr Naissance Vers 275/280Mazaca (Kayseri), Cappadoce, Empire romain Décès 23 avril 303  Nicomédie, Bithynie, Empire romain Vénéré par Chrétienté Fête 23 avril (Église catholique), 3 novembre (translation des relique...

 

 

لاسلطوية فردية

عنتلاسلطويةتصنيف:النظرية اللاسلطوية لا سلطة الصليب الأسود لاقومية معاداة السلطوية مناهضة الرأسمالية معاداة النزعة العسكرية Autonomous social center Autonomous zone Permanent Temporary Autoreduction بلاك بلوك المجتمع غير الطبقي صراع الطبقات الاجتماعية Commune كميونة Model of government Community unionism ديمقراطية توافقية...

 

 

Parquet national financier

Parquet national financierLogo du parquet national financierHistoireFondation 1er février 2014CadreSigle PNFType Ministère publicSiège Tribunal de Paris (depuis le 16 mai 2018)Pays FranceOrganisationProcureur de la République financier Jean-François Bohnert (depuis 2019)Site web tribunal-de-paris.justice.frmodifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata Le parquet national financier (PNF) est une institution judiciaire française créée en décembre 2013 et chargée de traquer la grande...

Greektown, Baltimore

Neighborhood of Baltimore in Maryland, United StatesGreektownNeighborhood of BaltimoreSign for Greektown, December 2014.GreektownCoordinates: 39°17′07″N 76°33′07″W / 39.285194°N 76.552056°W / 39.285194; -76.552056CountryUnited StatesStateMarylandCityBaltimoreNamed forGreek-American ethnic heritage Greektown is a neighborhood located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The neighborhood is bounded by Lombard Street to the north, O'Donnell Street to the sou...

 

 

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Sekadau

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat DaerahKabupaten SekadauDewan Perwakilan RakyatKabupaten Sekadau2019-2024JenisJenisUnikameral Jangka waktu5 tahunSejarahSesi baru dimulai30 September 2019PimpinanKetuaRadius Effendy (PDI-P) sejak 11 November 2019 Wakil Ketua IHandi (Gerindra) sejak 11 November 2019 Wakil Ketua IIZainal (Golkar) sejak 11 November 2019 KomposisiAnggota30Partai & kursi  PDI-P (7)   NasDem (3)   Hanura (3)   Demokrat (3)   PK...

 

 

Alessandro Bastoni

Italian footballer (born 1999) Alessandro Bastoni Bastoni in 2021Personal informationFull name Alessandro Bastoni[1]Date of birth (1999-04-13) 13 April 1999 (age 25)Place of birth Casalmaggiore, ItalyHeight 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in)Position(s) Centre-backTeam informationCurrent team Inter MilanNumber 95Youth career Cannatese2006–2016 AtalantaSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2016–2017 Atalanta 3 (0)2017– Inter Milan 144 (4)2017–2018 → Atalanta (loan) 4 (0)2018�...

Merrion Street Gardens

City square in Leeds, UK Merion Street GardensMerrion Street Gardens and St John's churchLocationLeeds, West YorkshireOS gridSE 30213 33897Coordinates53°48′02″N 1°32′34″W / 53.8005°N 1.5428°W / 53.8005; -1.5428Area0.75 acres (3,000 m2)[1]Operated byLeeds City CouncilOpen1932AwardsLandscape Award, 2006[2] Merrion Street Gardens, also known as Merrion Gardens of Rest is a city square and gardens in central Leeds, United Kingdom. It i...

 

 

Eurowings

Eurowings GmbH IATA ICAO Kode panggil EW EWG EUROWINGS Didirikan1 Februari 1990Mulai beroperasi1 Januari 1994Pusat operasiBerlin-BrandenburgKöln/BonnKopenhagenDortmundDüsseldorfHamburgPalma de MallorcaPrahaPristinaSalzburgStockholm-Arlanda (mulai 27 Maret 2022)StuttgartWinaProgram penumpang setiaBoomerang ClubMiles & MoreAnak perusahaanEurowings EuropeEurowings DiscoverArmada94Tujuan130Sloganideas get wings – cha(lle)nge the future of travelPerusahaan indukLufthansa GroupKantor pusatD...

 

 

约翰斯顿环礁

此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 (2021年5月6日)若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。 约翰斯顿环礁Kalama Atoll 美國本土外小島嶼 Johnston Atoll 旗幟颂歌：《星條旗》The Star-Spangled Banner約翰斯頓環礁�...

Matthieu Péché

French canoeist Matthieu Péché bronze medalist at the 2016 Summer Olympics in canoeing Matthieu Péché Medal record Men's canoe slalom Representing  France Olympic Games 2016 Rio de Janeiro C2 World Championships 2010 Tacen C2 team 2011 Bratislava C2 team 2014 Deep Creek Lake C2 team 2015 London C2 team 2017 Pau C2 2015 London C2 European Championships 2013 Kraków C2 team 2017 Tacen C2 team 2014 Vienna C2 team 2018 Prague C2 team U23 European Championships 2007 Kraków C2 2008 Solkan...

 

 

سومنر

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع سومنر (توضيح). سومنر     الإحداثيات 42°51′00″N 92°05′59″W / 42.85°N 92.099722222222°W / 42.85; -92.099722222222   [1] تاريخ التأسيس 1870  تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[2]  التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة بريمير  خصائص جغرافية  المساحة 6.559209 كيلو�...

 

 

Methylenedioxycathinone

Chemical compound MethylenedioxycathinoneClinical dataRoutes ofadministrationOral, Insufflation, RectalATC codenoneLegal statusLegal status UK: Class B Identifiers IUPAC name (±)-2-amino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propan-1-one CAS Number80535-73-5 YPubChem CID57465250ChemSpider25524469 YUNIIK0XHQ9FYT3CompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID801029655 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC10H11NO3Molar mass193.202 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES NC(C(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)O...

Haqlaniyah

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Haqlaniyah – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Place in Al-Anbar, IraqAl-Haqlaniyah Arabic: الحقلانيةAl-HaqlaniyahCoordinates: 34°5′20″N 42°21′38″E / 34.08889°N 42.36056°E&#...

 

 

PCP Torpedo

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: PCP Torpedo – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) PCP TorpedoEP by Agoraphobic NosebleedReleased1998GenreGrindcoreLength6:23LabelHydra HeadAgoraphobic Nosebleed chronology Honky Reduction(1...