孔公恂

孔公恂(1413年4月16日—1471年6月25日),宗文山東曲阜人,孔子五十八代孫,属宫端户,明朝政治人物,進士出身。

生平

景泰五年(1454年)會試考试时,孔公恂聽聞母親得病,便回鄉不赴廷對。明代宗禮部问明原因后,遣使召孔公恂觐见。其入見當日已到正午,不及準備試卷,代宗命翰林院給以筆劄。孔公恂登第二甲第十四名進士,隨即丁母憂[1]

衍聖公孔彥縉去世时,其孫孔弘緒幼弱,代宗詔遣禮部郎治喪,而孔公恂代理衍圣公府的家事。天順初年(1457年)授禮科給事中。孔弘緒襲封衍圣公后,大學士李賢把女儿嫁給孔弘緒,孔公恂於是與李賢有交往。李賢对明英宗進言道:“孔公恂是孔聖人的後人;司馬恂宋朝大贤人溫國公司馬光的後人。他們適合輔導太子。”明英宗大喜,於是拜兩人為詹事府少詹事,侍東宮講讀[2]。明英宗退朝后對周皇贵妃稱:“我今天讓聖賢的子孫當你儿子的老師。”周皇贵妃具冠服拜謝,宮中傳以為盛事[3]

明憲宗即位后,孔公恂改任大理寺左少卿。孔公恂对此感到不高兴,上自稱不懂法律,於是復任詹事府少詹事兼左春坊左諭德成化二年(1466年)孔公恂上疏談軍事,武臣嘩然,科官員紛紛彈劾,被下獄論罪,貶為漢陽府知府,未及上任即遇父喪丁憂。守丧结束后,商輅請恢復孔公恂的职位,改任南京詹事府少詹事,成化七年(1471年)十一月,卒於官[4][5]

家族

曾祖父孔克全、祖父孔希泰、父孔信[6]。子孔彦旭、孔彦卿、孔彦喆、孔彥鼎。孙孔承詩、孔承禮、孔承英[7]

墓葬

孔林二区墓碑

碑阳:

宣圣五十八代孙赐进士中宪大夫詹事府詹事孔公墓 成化十年甲午夏四月吉 男 彦旭彦卿彦喆立

碑阴:

(右为)奉天承运皇帝制曰推恩于臣必及其配者所以厚风化之原重人伦之始也岂以存殁而有间哉南京詹事府少詹事孔公恂妻赠孺人 樊氏克谨妇道以相其夫夫既显荣尔乃早殁尝因夫贵已受赠矣夫今进秩持加赠尔为恭人承此懋恩永贲泉壤 成化七年五月二十六日

(中为)奉天承运皇帝制曰国家设詹事府以辅道春宫其長贰皆以儒臣处之必得学行端谨之士乃克称焉尔南京詹事府少詹事孔公恂发身科第给事殿既升职于春宫复平刑于大理 賔詹再溢谕德由兼出握郡章进迁兹任敭历 既久嘉绩良多宜有褒恩用昭国典兹特进尔阶中宪大夫锡之诰命以为尔荣尔其益端乃心益励乃行以副朕委任之意钦哉

(左为)奉天承运皇帝制曰君推恩于臣而妇从荣于夫者重大伦遵旧典也南京詹事府少詹事孔公恂继室余氏克勤内助尝受褒封夫既进官尔宜偕显兹特加封为恭人祗服荣恩益敦儆戒

延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:明史卷一百五十二》,出自《明史

參考文獻

  1. ^ ·張廷玉等,《明史》(卷152):“孔公恂,字宗文,先聖五十八世孫也。景泰五年舉會試,聞母疾,不赴廷對。帝以問禮部,具言其故,乃遣使召之。日且午,不及備試卷,命翰林院給以筆劄。登第,即丁母憂歸。”
  2. ^ ·張廷玉等,《明史》(卷152):“衍聖公孔彥縉卒,孫弘緒幼弱,詔遣禮部郎治喪,公恂理其家事。天順初,授禮科給事中。弘緒已襲封,大學士李賢妻以女,公恂因得交於賢。賢言:「公恂,大聖人後;贊善司馬恂,宋大賢溫國公光後。宜輔導太子。」帝喜。同日超拜少詹事,侍東宮講讀。”
  3. ^ ·張廷玉等,《明史》(卷152):“入語孝肅皇后曰:「吾今日得聖賢子孫為汝子傅。」孝肅皇后者,憲宗生母,方以皇貴妃有寵。於是具冠服拜謝,宮中傳以為盛事雲。”
  4. ^ ·張廷玉等,《明史》(卷152):“憲宗嗣位,改公恂大理左少卿。公恂言不通法律,乃復少詹事。成化二年上章言兵事,諸武臣嘩然,給事御史交章駁之。下獄,謫漢陽知府。未至,丁父憂。服闋,商輅請復建言得罪者官,乃還故秩,涖南京詹事府。久之,卒。”
  5. ^ ·焦竑,《國朝獻徵錄》(卷18):“孔公恂,字宗文,山東曲阜縣人。宣聖五十八代孫。景泰甲戌進士,授禮科給事中,天順中,衍聖公孔弘緒婚於大學士李賢,賢言於英宗,謂公恂與贊善司馬恂皆古聖賢後,可居輔導之職。遂同日超陞詹事府少詹事,侍上於春宮講讀。及上即位,改大理寺左少卿,怏怏不樂,因自陳不諳刑名,仍改少詹事,兼左春坊左諭德。會撫寧侯朱永奉命出征,公恂上章留之,且言永當時武臣中一人而巳。眾所嫉被劾,出知漢陽府,未之任,丁家艱。服闋,復少詹事,改任南京詹事府。成化七年十一月卒于官。公恂自負先聖後,又舉進士,慷慨尚氣,時或凌物,然亦頗能自持,不肯卑汙屈抑,遇非其人,一言不合,輒悻悻然見于顏面。在孔氏子孫中彼善於此云。”
  6. ^ 龚延明主编. 天一阁藏明代科举录选刊 登科录 点校本. 宁波: 宁波出版社. 2016. ISBN 978-7-5526-2320-8. 《天一閣藏明代科舉錄選刊.登科錄》之《景泰五年甲戌科殿試金榜》 
  7. ^ 民国版《孔子世家谱》在线阅读- 孔子世家网. [2019-12-05]. (原始内容存档于2014-09-11). 
  • 張廷玉等,《明史》,中華書局點校本
  • 焦竑,《國朝獻徵錄》

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