后牛顿力学近似方法

后牛顿力学近似方法(英文:Post-Newtonian Approximation Method)是广义相对论中一种被广泛应用求解爱因斯坦场方程的近似方法。这种近似试图模仿牛顿力学的形式来解决较弱引力场的相对论问题。具体做法是对微小的牛顿力学量加以展开,可以选择展开的项有速度或者牛顿引力势,这实则是对相对论一种弱场低速的近似。

后牛顿力学近似方法在引力波天文学中得到了广泛的应用,最重要的用途是从理论上计算双星系统所辐射的引力波的波形。引力辐射对应着后牛顿近似方法展开至最低2.5阶,即展开至的2.5幂次方项,习惯记做2.5pN,一般研究中则要求后牛顿方法至少展开到3pN3pN展开是后牛顿方法研究得比较成熟的近似,主要研究人员有DamourJaranowskiSchäfer采用广义相对论ADM-哈密顿量形式[1],以及AndradeBlanchetFaye直接在谐振坐标下计算运动方程[2]。这两种算法的结果在物理上被证明等价,为寻找来自双星系统的引力波信号提供了可信的模板。当前后牛顿展开近似的最高阶数为5.5pN,为大阪大学的佐佐木节(佐々木 節,罗马字Sasaki Misao)等人所得出[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ T. Damour, P. Jaranowski and G. Schäfer. Dimensional regularization of the gravitational interaction of point masses. Physical Letters B. 2001, 513: 147–155 [2008-02-17]. (原始内容存档于2016-08-04). 
  2. ^ L. Blanchet and G. Faye. General relativistic dynamics of compact binaries at the third post-Newtonian order. Physical Review D. 2001, 63: 062005 [2008-02-17]. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.63.062005. (原始内容存档于2008-11-23). 
  3. ^ M. Sasaki. Analytic Black Hole Perturbation Approach. Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy. 1999, 20: 282. 

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