卡尔·伦纳

卡尔·伦纳
第4任奥地利总统
第二共和国第1任总统
任期
1945年12月20日—1950年12月31日
总理利奥波德·菲格尔
前任威廉·米克拉斯 (1938)
(1938年—1945年德奥合并
继任特奥多尔·克尔纳
奥地利总理
任期
1918年11月12日—1920年7月7日
前任职务建立
继任米夏尔·迈尔
任期
1945年4月27日—1945年12月20日
前任阿图尔·赛斯-英夸特 (1938)
继任利奥波德·菲格尔
个人资料
出生卡尔·伦纳
(1870-12-14)1870年12月14日
奥匈帝国摩拉维亚翁特坦诺维兹(Unter-Tannowitz)
逝世1950年12月31日(1950歲—12—31)(80歲)
奥地利维也纳
国籍奥地利
政党社会民主工人党 (1945年起为社会党)
配偶路易丝·伦纳(Luise Renner)
宗教信仰天主教 [1]

卡尔·伦纳德语Karl Renner,1870年12月14日—1950年12月31日),奥地利政治家奥地利总理(1918—1920、1945)和奥地利总统(1945—1950),被称为奥地利国父。

生平

伦纳出生于奥匈帝国摩拉维亚翁特坦诺维兹(Unter-Tannowitz),现在捷克共和国的Dolní Dunajovice),是一个贫困的德国葡萄种植农民家庭的第18个孩子。

1890年到1896年在维也纳大学学习法律。后成为奥地利社会民主党温和派的一员。1907年起为奥匈帝国议会议员。第一次世界大战结束后,任新成立的奥地利第一共和国的第一任总理。任內他主张奥地利加入国际联盟,在外交事务中严守中立,僅任一年後便辭職。

在20世纪20年代,他是社会民主党的右翼领袖,1930年—1933年任国民议会议长。1938年支持德奧合并

1945年纳粹德国崩溃,苏联军队發動維也納攻勢占领奥地利,伦纳协同苏联官员成立临时政权。1945年4月任新成立的奥地利第二共和国首任总理。

1945年12月20日,奥地利國民议会一致选举他为共和国首任总统。

1950年12月31日去世。

主要著作有《奥地利的革新》(3卷,1916-1917)和回忆录《在两个时代的转折点上》(1946)。

參見

参考

Public Domain 本条目包含来自公有领域出版物的文本: Chisholm, Hugh (编). Encyclopædia Britannica (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press. 1911. 

延伸阅读

  • Heinz Fischer, Hugo Pepper(ed.), Karl Renner. Porträt einer Evolution Lauchringen: Baulino 1984 ISBN 978-3-203-50166-6
  • William M. Johnston, Karl Renner: The Austro-Marxist as Conciliator. In: The Austrian Mind: An Intellectual and Social History, 1848–1938 Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983 ISBN 0-520-04955-1 pp. 105–109页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • Ephraim Nimni (ed.), National cultural autonomy and its contemporary critics. Routledge Innovations in Political Theory,(16 essays) London: Routledge, 2005 0-415-24964-3
  • Stephane Pierre-Caps, "Karl Renner et l'Etat Multinationale: Contribution Juridique á la Solution d'Imbroglios Politiques Contemporains", Droit et Societé 27 (1994), 421-441.
  • Ernst Panzenböck, Ein Deutscher Traum: die Anschlussidee und Anschlusspolitik bei Karl Renner und Otto Bauer. Materialien zur Arbeiterbewegung,页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 PhD thesis, Vienna: Europaverlag, 1985 ISBN 3-203-50897-4
  • Pat Shannon: Review of The Institutions of Private Law and their Social Function In: Journal of Sociology Vol. 13, No. 3 (1977) p. 264 PDF
  • Jamie Bulloch, Karl Renner: Austria London: Haus Publishing, 2009 ISBN 978-1-905791-89-7

外部链接

官衔
前任者:
海因里希·拉马西部长主席
為奥地利部长主席
奥地利总理
1918 – 1920
繼任者:
米夏尔·迈尔
空缺
上一位持有相同頭銜者:
阿图尔·赛斯-英夸特
奥地利总理
1945
繼任者:
利奥波德·菲格尔
空缺
上一位持有相同頭銜者:
威廉·米克拉斯
奥地利总统
1945 – 1950
繼任者:
特奥多尔·克尔纳

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