倪濤 (宋朝)

倪涛（1086年—1125年），字巨济，号波澄，安徽廣德人，原籍浙江永嘉，宋朝政治人物、詩人、畫家[1]。

生平

原籍浙江永嘉，其父倪均型遷居安徽廣德，元祐元年（1086年）出生，是家中次子[2]，十五歲時在太學考試中獲第一名，登大观三年（1109年）進士[3][4]，先後擔任庐陵尉、信阳军教授，後入朝為太学正、秘书省校书郎、著作佐郎、司勋、左司员外郎等職，宣和五年（1123年）宋徽宗想再次出兵燕雲，當時朝廷官員附和著出謀劃策，只有倪濤一個人反對，並認為遼朝沒有違反澶淵之盟，宋朝太平日久武備鬆懈，不應輕開邊釁。此舉觸怒了當權的王黼，倪濤被貶监朝城县酒税，再徙茶陵船场[5]，宣和七年（1125年）辭官歸本籍永嘉长林，同年去世，葬於永嘉诸浦君子峰[6]，第二年金兵南侵，宋徽宗想起他的話，於是任命其子倪流菽為章州司法。[7][8]

作品

倪濤善於畫草蟲動物，尤其是蜥蜴、蒼蠅和蟾蜍等[9][10]，並著有詩集《云阳集》、《玉溪集》[11]。

家庭

倪濤是溫州长林倪氏大宗的始祖。

  • 父倪均型，遷居安徽廣德。
  • 妻李氏，封為夫人。
    • 長子倪流蕃，早卒。
    • 次子倪流菽，靖康元年授章州司法。
    • 三子倪流蕙。[8]

參考文獻

  1. ^ 《文献通考》：“玉溪二十二卷，左司员外郎永嘉倪涛巨济撰，其父始徙居广德，涛大观三年进士，燕山之役诵言其非，以沮军罢谪衡州茶陵以死，年三十九，吕居仁志其墓，曾吉父为作集序。”
  2. ^ 《乐清长林倪氏大宗谱牒绍兴癸丑版本》：“倪涛，字巨济，浙江永嘉人，祖籍婺州，系君型公之次子。”
  3. ^ 《浙江通志·卷一百二十三·选举一》：“大观三年己丑贾安宅榜，倪涛永嘉人左司郎中。”
  4. ^ 《温州府志·卷十九选举·进士五》：“大观己丑贾安宅榜载：许邦，平阳人，朝请大夫；倪涛，永嘉人，左司郎中。”
  5. ^ 《宋史·列传·文苑》：“倪涛，字巨济，广德军人。丱角能属文，博学强记。年十五，试太学第一，遂擢进士，调庐陵尉、信阳军教授。入为太学正，秘书省校书郎、著作佐郎，司勋、左司员外郎。朝廷议有事燕云，大臣争先决策，为固位计，皆心知不可，无敢一出口，涛独言其非。且曰：景德以来，辽守约不犯边，盟誓固在，不可渝也。天下久平，士不习战，军储又屈，毋轻议以诒后患。王黼怒曰：君敢沮军事邪！于是言者论其鼓唱撰造，贬监朝城县酒税，再徙茶陵船场，卒，年三十九。
  6. ^ 《乐清长林倪氏大宗谱牒绍兴癸丑版本》：“至宣和乙已，涛公挂冠归田，遯迹海滨，地临钓岩狮子之南，凤层歧山之北，有木数里成林，爰卜居之，遂名长林，改名字澹菴，号波澄，公为长林倪氏大宗之始祖也。配李氏封夫人，生子三长流蕃，次流菽，三流蕙，终年三十九，与夫人合葬永嘉诸浦君子峰。”
  7. ^ 《宋史·列传·文苑》：“死之明年，金人犯阙，朝廷忆涛言，官其一子。有《云阳集》传于世。”
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 《乐清长林倪氏大宗谱牒绍兴癸丑版本》
  9. ^ 《图绘宝鉴》：“卯角能文，工诗，善画草虫，蜥蜴蚝蟾并佳。”
  10. ^ 《画史㑹要》：“倪涛，字巨济，宣和间为都司。善画墨戏草虫。蜴蝇蟾之类甚佳。”
  11. ^ 《宋诗纪事》：“卒年三十九。著云阳集、玉溪集。”

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