伏尔塔瓦河

伏尔塔瓦河
Vltava / Moldau
伏爾塔瓦河畔的布拉格城區
伏爾塔瓦河的位置與流域地圖
词源據信源於原始日耳曼語wilt ahwa,意為「狂野之水」
國家 捷克
中波希米亞州 · 南波希米亞州
地區捷克西南部
捷克布傑約維采縣 · 捷克克魯姆洛夫縣 · 布拉格
流域
源頭暖伏爾塔瓦河捷克語Teplá Vltava · 冷伏爾塔瓦河捷克語Studená Vltava
 • 位置 捷克波希米亞森林切爾納山英语Černá hora
 • 坐标48°58′29″N 13°33′39″E / 48.97472°N 13.56083°E / 48.97472; 13.56083
 • 海拔1,172米(3,845英尺)
河口易北河
 • 位置梅爾尼克縣梅爾尼克
 • 坐标50°20′29″N 14°28′30″E / 50.34139°N 14.47500°E / 50.34139; 14.47500
 • 海拔156.18米(512.4英尺)
流域面積28,090 km2(10,850 sq mi)
地標查理大橋 · 切赫大橋
本貌
長度430.2 km(267.3 mi)
流量 
 • 平均流量149.9 m3/s(5,290 cu ft/s)
特徵
左岸支流奧塔瓦河 · 貝龍卡河
右岸支流盧日尼采河 · 薩扎瓦河

伏尔塔瓦河捷克語Vltava),德方稱莫爾道河(德語:Moldau),是捷克最长的河流。它发源於波希米亚森林,自南向北流经南波希米亚州中波希米亚州和首都布拉格,在梅爾尼克注入易北河Labe,即捷克語、波蘭語所稱的拉貝河)。全长430千米,流域面积28,090平方千米;在汇流处,实际上伏尔塔瓦河的水量超过易北河,由于它是以直角汇合,因此看来似乎只是支流。

1950年代,河上建造了一些水坝,其中最大的一座是波希米亞森林Lipno Dam

2002年8月的洪水造成数人死亡。

著名的捷克國民樂派作曲家斯美塔那交响诗组曲《我的祖国》(Má vlast)的第二首〈伏尔塔瓦河〉(Vltava;此曲以德文Moldau莫爾道河較聞名),就是描绘该河的如画景色。 于1874年11月20日至12月8日完成,

物理特征

布拉格市区河段
  • 源头与河口的高度落差为1016米。源头海拔为1172米,河口海拔156米。

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