以实玛利

以實瑪利
在阿拉伯沙漠中的埃及人夏甲以實瑪利,弗朗索瓦·約瑟夫·納維斯繪。
先知
出生迦南
逝世麥加
敬礼於猶太教
伊斯蘭教
巴哈伊信仰
受影響於亞伯拉罕
影響於以實瑪利的後裔和穆斯林

以實瑪利希伯來語יִשְׁמָעֵאל‎‎,英語:Ishmael),基督新教譯作以實瑪利天主教譯作依市瑪耳伊斯兰教譯作易斯馬儀易司馬儀伊斯梅爾司马义,按照塔纳赫古蘭經记载。

猶太教中的以實瑪利

犹太教的《希伯来圣经》或称《塔纳赫》中,以实玛利是亚伯拉罕的使女夏甲所生的兒子,上帝對他的預言是「為人必像野驢。他的手要攻打人,人的手也要攻打他;他必住在眾弟兄的東邊,後裔極其繁多甚至不可勝數。」(《塔纳赫创世纪-16》)

夏甲在生下以實瑪利後輕視撒拉撒拉更要求亞伯拉罕趕走夏甲母子。後來以實瑪利住在曠野,成為弓箭手,受上帝應許成為大國的祖先。日後的阿拉伯人即為以實瑪利的後代,希伯來人則是以撒的後代。

伊斯兰教的以实玛利

以实玛利的来历与犹太教中的说法相同,伊斯兰教的宣道者穆罕默德曾以阿拉伯人為以实玛利后裔的理由,同當時的猶太拉比證明自己的先知身分。学者发现有人把穆罕默德的祖先追溯到尼拜约,也有人追溯到基达。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 以实玛利. [2009-04-09]. (原始内容存档于2010-06-20). 

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