S語言

S
编程范型多范型: 指令式, 面向对象
實作者Rick Becker, Allan Wilks, 約翰·錢伯斯英语John Chambers (statistician)
发行时间1976年,​48年前​(1976
当前版本
  • S4(1998)[1]
編輯維基數據鏈接
型態系統动态, 强类型
許可證依赖于实现
網站ect.bell-labs.com/sl/S/,存档于互联网档案馆(存檔日期 2018-10-14)
主要實作產品
R, S-PLUS英语S-PLUS
啟發語言
C, APL, PPL英语Polymorphic Programming Language, Fortran

S語言,一種用於統計的程式語言,由貝爾實驗室約翰·錢伯斯英语John Chambers (statistician) 、瑞克·貝克爾(Rick Becker)與艾倫·威爾克斯(Allan Wilks)共同研發。它的目標在於快速而忠實的將想法轉化為軟體[2]

R語言S-PLUS英语S-PLUS是它的後繼者。

發展歷史

S語言主要用於統計運算,它在1975年至1976年間在貝爾實驗室被開發出來。

第一個可運作的S語言版本在1976年發表,在GCOS 作業系統上運作。當時它還沒有正式名稱,曾經被人稱為互動式SCS(Interactive SCS, ISCS)、統計運算系統(Statistical Computing System)、統計分析系統(Statistical Analysis System, SAS)。直到1979年,它才被正式定名為S語言。

當時最主要的統計運算程式,都是直接呼叫Fortran子程序。但是S語言採用了高度互動式的方法來實作,其中包括了互動式的圖形裝置介面(當時採用印表機與字元終端機),以及能夠在函式中直接存取檔案的功能。

引用

外部連結

Read other articles:

Dewi Umaya RachmanDewi Umaya RachmanLahir18 Oktober 1970 (umur 53)IndonesiaKebangsaanIndonesiaPekerjaanProduser Dewi Umaya Rachman (lahir 18 Oktober 1970) adalah seorang produser film yang telah memberikan kontribusi berarti dalam industri perfilman Indonesia. Kontribusi di dunia perfilman Indonesia Karir Dewi Umaya Rachman dimulai ketika ia bersama Noe Letto mendirikan Pic[k]lock Films pada tahun 2008, menciptakan fondasi bagi perjalanan panjangnya dalam dunia perfilman. Pada tahun yan...

 

 

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مايو 2023) تعرضُ هذه قائمة نتائج منتخب فلسطين تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم منذ عام 2002 حتى الآن.[1] النتائج مفتاح الفوز التعادل الخسارة 2002 إيران  v Palestine West Asian Games   4 April 2002 إ...

 

 

35°37′48″N 139°46′30″E / 35.63°N 139.775°E / 35.63; 139.775 Pemandangan Odaiba dan kantor pusat Fuji Television Odaiba (お台場code: ja is deprecated ) adalah sebuah pulau buatan di Teluk Tokyo, Jepang yang dihubungkan dengan pusat kota Tokyo dengan Jembatan Rainbow. Odaiba merupakan salah satu tujuan wisata di Tokyo, sekaligus lokasi pusat perbelanjaan dan permukiman. Kantor pusat jaringan televisi Fuji Television juga berada di tempat ini. Sejarah Nama ...

Chemical compound LonidamineClinical dataATC codeL01XX07 (WHO) Identifiers IUPAC name 1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid CAS Number50264-69-2 YPubChem CID39562ChemSpider36170 NUNIIU78804BIDRKEGGD07257 YChEBICHEBI:50138CompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID5020782 ECHA InfoCard100.051.356 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC15H10Cl2N2O2Molar mass321.16 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=NN2CC3=C(C=C(C=C3)Cl)Cl)C(=O)O InChI I...

 

 

Election for the governor of North Dakota For related races, see 1944 United States gubernatorial elections. 1944 North Dakota gubernatorial election ← 1942 November 7, 1944 1946 →   Nominee Fred G. Aandahl William T. DePuy Alvin C. Strutz Party Republican Democratic Independent Popular vote 107,863 59,961 38,997 Percentage 52.02% 28.92% 18.81% County results Aandahl:      40–50%      50–60%   ...

 

 

English footballer (born 1989) Adam Clayton Personal informationFull name Adam Stephen Clayton[1]Date of birth (1989-01-14) 14 January 1989 (age 35)[2]Place of birth Manchester, EnglandHeight 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)[3]Position(s) MidfielderTeam informationCurrent team RochdaleNumber 8Youth career1996–2008 Manchester CitySenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2008–2010 Manchester City 0 (0)2009–2010 → Carlisle United (loan) 28 (1)2010 → Leeds United...

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يونيو 2019) بيترو كورسي   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 20 يوليو 1948 (76 سنة)[1]  ترييستي  مواطنة إيطاليا  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة بيزاأسكولا نورماليه سوبريو...

 

 

Recipient of the Victoria Cross Bernard Matthew CassidyBorn17 August 1892London, EnglandDied28 March 1918 (aged 25)Arras, FranceAllegiance United KingdomService/branch British ArmyRankSecond LieutenantUnitThe Lancashire FusiliersBattles/warsWorld War I †AwardsVictoria Cross Bernard Matthew Cassidy VC (17 August 1892 – 28 March 1918) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be aw...

 

 

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Agent. En informatique, un système multi-agent (SMA) est un système composé d'un ensemble d'agents (un processus, un robot, un être humain, une fourmi, etc.) actifs dans un certain environnement et interagissant selon certaines règles. Un agent est une entité caractérisée par le fait qu'elle est, au moins partiellement, autonome, ce qui exclut un pilotage centralisé du système global. Objet de recherche en intelligence artificielle distribuée, les...

American sociologist (1910–2003) For other people named Robert Merton, see Robert Merton (disambiguation). Robert K. MertonBornMeyer Robert Schkolnick(1910-07-04)July 4, 1910Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.DiedFebruary 23, 2003(2003-02-23) (aged 92)New York City, U.S.Alma mater Harvard University (MA, PhD) Temple University (BA) Known for Self-fulfilling prophecy Self-defeating prophecy Merton's strain theory of deviance Sociology of Science Functionalism Role model Reference...

 

 

Internazionali Femminili di Palermo 2013 Sport Tennis Data 6 luglio – 14 luglio Edizione 26a Superficie Terra rossa Campioni Singolare Roberta Vinci Doppio Kristina Mladenovic / Katarzyna Piter 2012 2019 Gli Internazionali Femminili di Palermo 2013 (conosciuti anche come Snai Open) sono stati un torneo femminile di tennis giocato sulla terra rossa. È stata la 26ª edizione degli Internazionali Femminili di Palermo, che fa parte della categoria International nell'ambito del WTA Tour 2013. ...

 

 

Questa voce sull'argomento stagioni delle società calcistiche italiane è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Voce principale: Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Città di Siderno 1911. G.I.L. SidernoStagione 1942-1943Sport calcio Squadra GIL Siderno Allenatore Mario Di Pietro Presidente Giuseppe Ferrari Serie CRitirata nel girone N. 1941-1942 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Qu...

Football clubPegah GilanFull namePegah Gilan Football ClubFounded2002DissolvedOctober 2008GroundDr. Azodi StadiumRashtIranCapacity11,000LeaguePersian Gulf Cup2007–08Persian Gulf Cup, 15th Home colours Away colours Pegah Gilan Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال پگاه گیلان) was an Iranian football club based in Rasht, Iran that participated in the Iran Pro League and Azadegan League from 2002 to 2008. Club history The club began its life with the name, Esteghlal Rasht....

 

 

Initially all-volunteer army formed in the United Kingdom Alfred Leete's recruitment poster for Kitchener's Army. The New Army, often referred to as Kitchener's Army or, disparagingly, as Kitchener's Mob,[a] was an (initially) all-volunteer portion of the British Army formed in the United Kingdom from 1914 onwards following the outbreak of hostilities in the First World War in late July 1914. It originated on the recommendation of Herbert Kitchener, then the Secretary of State for War...

 

 

 烏克蘭總理Прем'єр-міністр України烏克蘭國徽現任杰尼斯·什米加尔自2020年3月4日任命者烏克蘭總統任期總統任命首任維托爾德·福金设立1991年11月后继职位無网站www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/(英文) 乌克兰 乌克兰政府与政治系列条目 宪法 政府 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 總統辦公室 国家安全与国防事务委员会 总统代表(英语:Representatives of the President of Ukraine) 总...

Gambar ini menunjukkan perisai angin dan termal kubah InSight, yang menutupi sebuah seismometer. Foto ini diambil pada hari Mars ke-110, atau sol 110, pada misi InSight NASA. Seismometer ini merupakan bagian dari Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure, atau SEIS yang dijalankan oleh NASA. Gempa mars adalah gempa yang terjadi di planet Mars. Seperti di Bumi, gempa di planet Mars berupa guncangan pada permukaan atau kerak Mars yang diakibatkan oleh pelepasan energi secara tiba-tiba di bagian...

 

 

A road in West Sussex, England, UK A264 redirects here. For the ship, see HSwMS Trossö (A264). This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: A264 road – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message) A264Major junctionsEast endPemburyMajor intersections M23 A21...

 

 

American bank holding company PacWest BancorpCompany typeSubsidiaryIndustryBankingFinancial servicesFoundedOctober 22, 1999; 24 years ago (1999-10-22)HeadquartersBeverly Hills, California, U.S.Area servedCalifornia, Arizona, Utah, and TexasKey peoplePaul Taylor, CEOMark Yung, COO Kenan Sijamija, CCOMatthew P. Wagner, Executive ChairmanProductsRetail banking, Commercial banking, Mortgage loans, Venture debtRevenue US$1.158 Billion (2021)Operating income US$0.193 billion (2021...

Free trade · Peace · Goodwill amongst nations—publishing logo as used by the Cobden Club in 1881 works The Cobden Club was a society and publishing imprint, based in London, run along the lines of a gentlemen's club of the Victorian era, but without permanent club premises of its own. Founded in 1866 by Thomas Bayley Potter[1] for believers in Free Trade doctrine, it was named in honour of Richard Cobden, who had died the year before. Potter was honorary secretary of the Cobden C...

 

 

Illustration by Willy Pogany, 1915 Lithograph by Achille Devéria, 1833 Ahmed and Paribanou, or The Story of Prince Ahmed and the fairy Pari Banou,[1] is one of the tales of the Arabian Nights compilation. Summary One of the Islamic kings of India had three sons, namely Houssain (Husayn), Ali, and Ahmed (Ahmad), and a niece named Nouronnihar (Nur al-Nahar).[2] Prince Ahmed was the younger brother of Houssain.[3] The latter possessed a magic carpet of wondrous locomotiv...