M1892轉輪手槍

Modèle 1892 Revolver
类型轉輪手槍
原产地 法國
服役记录
服役期间1892年—1960年代
参与战争／衝突法國殖民戰爭
一戰
二戰
法越戰爭
生产历史
生产商聖埃蒂安武器製造廠（Manufacture d'armes de Saint-Étienne）
生产日期1892—1924年
制造数量約350,000把
基本规格
重量0.85公斤（空槍）
长度24厘米
子彈8毫米法國軍械彈（英语：8mm French Ordnance）
口徑8毫米
枪机雙動式
发射模式連發
槍口初速220米／秒
供弹方式6發彈巢
瞄具機械瞄具

M1892轉輪手槍（或稱：勒貝爾轉輪手槍或聖埃蒂安8毫米）是法國採用的一種制式手槍，由聖埃蒂安武器製造廠生產，以取代老舊的MAS 1873轉輪手槍。該槍在一戰期間為法國軍隊的制式手槍。

M1892是一種使用實心槍體的轉輪手槍，它的彈巢為外擺式設計，在裝彈時射手需把彈巢向右方擺出並完成裝填（這點跟大部份外擺式設計的轉輪手槍向左擺出彈巢的設計有所不同，因此在漢語文化圈中該槍有時也會被稱為“右輪”手槍，目的是為了跟“左輪”手槍作出區別）。M1892首次在1893年投入實戰，並被法國軍官在一戰期間廣泛使用，它亦被法國警察裝備至1960年代中期才退役。

該槍發射8毫米槍彈，一種比起當代的許多轉輪手槍（如：其前身MAS 1873轉輪手槍以及英國製韋伯利轉輪手槍）更小口徑的槍彈。

歷史

儘管M1892最初是為了提供給軍官作防身武器而設計，它在1892-1924年期間一共生產了超過350,000枝，並列裝法國陸軍、海軍和國家憲兵以及其他部門。而法國的士官則繼續裝備較舊的MAS 1873，但在一戰期間他們亦廣泛的使用.32 ACP口徑的紅寶石半自動手槍（英语：Ruby Pistol）（Ruby Pistol）。M1892雖然被普遍的稱為勒貝爾轉輪手槍，但諷刺的是現在還未有證據可以證明尼古拉斯·勒貝爾（英语：Nicolas Lebel）上校參與了此槍和其所用彈藥的設計[1]。此槍於1935年被Mle 1935半自動手槍（英语：Modèle 1935 pistol）官方地取代，但在二戰期間仍然非常普遍，更被帶到美國作為紀念品。[2]

設計

M1892使用的彈藥為8毫米口徑的黑火藥彈，這種彈藥與.32-20 WCF（英语：.32-20 Winchester）彈非常類似，而後來在一戰期間裝備的手槍已改用同口徑的無煙火藥彈。此槍為一種使用實心槍體的雙動式轉輪手槍，彈巢為右方擺出，擺出後可查看各個膛室的剩彈量，亦可把彈殼倒出。重新裝填後，射手需把彈巢推回原位，並以位於槍體右邊的鎖閂把它鎖定[3]。除此之外，位於槍體左邊的側板可被翻開，以方便用戶清潔和保養內部零件。這些內部零件均刻有數字，以令用戶能順序地將它們分解。每枝手槍的槍管右邊亦刻有其生產年份（例：S 1895代表了此槍於1895年生產），而槍管頂部則刻有Mle 1892的字眼。M1892平時可收藏在一個大型的密封式手槍皮套裡，12發備用子彈亦藏在裡面。

特徵

M1892是一種堅固、精確度高和品質不錯的轉輪手槍。射手能夠拉下擊鎚然後再扣動扳機以作單動式射擊，亦可直接的扣動扳機作雙動式射擊。而它唯一較明顯的缺點就是作為一枝軍用手槍火力較弱，口徑只有8×27毫米[3]。論制止力，它也只是勉強地達到.32 ACP彈的水平。

使用國

另見

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Kinard, Jeff. Pistols: an illustrated history of their impact, p. 154, ABC-CLIO, Inc. 2003.
  2. ^ Wood,J.B. Book of Revolver Assembly and Disassembly, p. 152, Krause Publications, 2011.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 McNab,Chris The Great Book of Guns, p. 108, Thunder Bay Press, 2004.
  4. ^ McNab, Chris. 20th Century Military Uniforms 2nd. Kent: Grange Books. 2002. ISBN 1-84013-476-3. 
  5. ^ Giletta, Jacques. Les Gardes Personnelles des Princes de Monaco 1st. Taurus Editions. 2005. ISBN 2 912976-04-9. 

參考文獻

  • Kinard, Jeff. Pistols: an illustrated history of their impact, ABC-CLIO, Inc. Santa Barbara, CA (USA) 2003. ISBN 1-85109-470-9
  • McNab, Chris, The Great Book of Guns, Thunder Bay Press, San Diego, CA(USA), 2004. ISBN 978-1-59223-304-5.
  • Wood, J.B., Book of Revolver Assembly and Disassembly, Krause Publications, Iola, WI(USA), 2011. ISBN 978-1-4402-1452-3.

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