ITSO是英國的一個非牟利會員組織,目標是協助英國境內的公共交通票務標準化[1]。
其主要目的包括:
- 管理及開發交通智能卡的ITSO規格
- 營運及管理可以互相兼容的環境
- 支持符合ITSO規格的智能車票計劃
ITSO的成立源於不同英國乘客交通局關於智能車票缺乏標準化的討論。這些討論後來逐步擴大至其他管理局、交通公司及政府。ITSO會員包括交通範疇的不同類別,包括交通公司(巴士、電車及火車營運公司)、產業供應商、地方政府和公共交通局。ITSO在英國運輸部的支持下與大型交通產業組織有聯繫,並在英國及海外成立智能卡計劃。
ITSO起初為綜合交通智能卡組織(英語:Integrated Transport Smartcard Organisation)的簡寫,不過該名稱已廢棄,現時只使用「ITSO」,原因為其所訂立的規格已經超越了交通和智能卡以外的票務。
英國運輸部於2008年引入英格蘭國民優惠旅遊計劃,容許所有退休人士和合資格的殘疾人士(根據1985年交通法案及2000年交通法案)使用巴士,而巴士使用ITSO智能卡。蘇格蘭交通局及威爾士政府也在其優惠旅遊計劃實施了ITSO。
成員
ITSO成員包括大部分巴士公司、車票發售系統公司及乘客交通局[2]。
使用範圍
英國正逐步使用非接觸式智能卡取代巴士上的紙質車票。ITSO標準將作為國家標準覆蓋所有型式的公共交通。而EMV信用卡和借記卡的非接觸式支付也在英國全國廣為流行。
截至2020年7月13日,以下地區接受ITSO:
非ITSO系統
最大型的商業計劃為倫敦交通局的蠔卡。倫敦交通局在所有倫敦第1至6收費區的鐵路車站都資助了蠔卡讀卡機,而英國運輸部需與倫敦交通局合作確保所有讀卡機都符合ITSO規格[135]。
參見
參考資料
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外部連結