ISO 2145

國際標準化組織ISO 2145國際標準針對字體排印習慣,為文献工作裡「书写文献的章节编号方法」作出定義。這定義不論是手稿、書籍、期刊及標準皆適用。

描述

ISO 2145 编号方法的定義如下:

  • 所有編號只使用連續的阿拉伯數字,如:1, 2, 3, …。
  • 主分段由1開始順序使用。
  • 在每一個主分段(第一層)以下的分段(第二層),都一樣從1開始順序使用。同樣的分段形式亦適用於再下一層的分段。
  • 在分段編號之間,由句點來分隔。但最後一層的分段編號不需要句點結尾。
  • 若分段的第一節的內容是引言前言之類的內容,可使用0來編號。

例子

以下是一個採用了ISO 2145章節編號方法的目錄:

0 前言
1 引言
2 方法
2.1 數數技巧
2.1.1 人手程序
2.1.1.1  數蘋果
2.1.1.2 數香橙
2.1.2 自動化方法
2.2 品質管理
3 結果
4 關連工作
4.1 數豆
4.2 數綿羊
5 結論

引用

在書寫時,章節的編號並不會改變,例如:

  • 中文
    • … 在第4章 …
    • … 如第3.4.27節所表示 …
    • … 2.4.1.7的第三段 …
  • 英文
    • … in chapter 4 …
    • … as lemma 3.4.27 shows …
    • … the 3rd paragraph in 2.4.1.7 …

不過,在口语方面,英文及中文的習慣有所不同:

  • 在中文,口语與书面语的分別不大,如:
    • … 在第4章 …
    • … 如第3點4點27節所表示 …
    • … 2點4點1點7的第三段 …
  • 在英文,一般都不會讀出句點,如:
    • "… in chapter four …"
    • "… as lemma three four twenty-seven shows …"
    • "… the third paragraph in two four one seven …"

文書處理軟件的支援

  • 所有由標準的LaTeX產生的文件的章節、分節、表格等的格式都如ISO 2145所定義的一樣。
  • 直至2003,所有Microsoft Word預設的數字章節定義(Legal)都在章節的數字後加上句點(".")。雖然這定義與ISO 2145的定義不相符,但用戶亦可以輕易的把這句點從格式裡移除。

參考

  • International Standard ISO 2145:1978, Documentation — Numbering of divisions and subdivisions in written documents. International Organization for Standardization,Geneva.
  • British Standard BS 5848:1980, Specification for numbering of divisions and subdivisions in written documents (point-numbering).
  • ISO 2145-1978文献工作--书写文献的章节编号方法
  • GB1.1-81 标准化工作导则编写标准的一般规定
  • 程延安,(2002年),论文文内标题标示法的探讨,《中国科技期刊研究》,第13卷第5期,P.455-456。
  • 林跃等,(1998年),国内外主要药学期刊编排规范对比研究,《中国科技期刊研究》,第9卷第2期。


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